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Bonded Labour Act Turns 50 as Tamil Nadu Rescues 120 Workers in 2025; Global Index Reports 11 Million in Modern Slavery

Target:UPSC GS-IMPSCTeachingSSC GAPrelims HighMains HighStatic GK Link
07 Feb 2026
~2 min
Source: The Hindu
Key Data:February 9, 1976₹30,000 initial compensation₹1 lakh to ₹3 lakh final compensation2,95,795 people rescued since 1978120 rescued in Tamil Nadu 2024-25523 rescued in 2019-20
Bodies:Parliamentary Standing Committee on Labour, Textiles, and Skill Development
Practice MCQs from today's news ▸
What This Article Covers

1.The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976, turns 50 in 2026 but faces severe implementation challenges, with delayed justice and rehabilitation undermining its effectiveness.

2.Data reveals 2,95,795 people rescued since 1978, yet India accounts for 11 million of the 49.6 million in global modern slavery, indicating a massive enforcement gap.

3.Examiners will focus on the Act's provisions, compensation schemes, institutional mechanisms (District Collectors), and the shift from traditional to modern sectors like textiles and construction.

The Big Picture
Prelims · HighMains · High

The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act completes 50 years in 2026, yet modern forms of slavery persist due to weak implementation, delayed justice, and inadequate rehabilitation. Despite over 2.95 lakh rescues nationally, India remains a global hotspot with 11 million in modern slavery. This highlights a critical governance gap between legislation and on-ground enforcement, crucial for GS Paper II (Governance) and Essay.

Exam Lens

Quick Exam Facts From News

Act EnactedFebruary 9, 1976 (Retrospective from Oct 1975)
Total Rescued (1978-2025)2,95,795 people
India's Share in Global Slavery11 million (Global Slavery Index 2023)
Initial Compensation₹30,000 (Central Scheme, 2021)
Final Compensation₹1 lakh to ₹3 lakh (upon conviction)
TN Rescues (2024-25)120 people

1-Minute Revision

  • ›Act Enacted: February 9, 1976 (Retrospective from Oct 1975)
  • ›Total Rescued (1978-2025): 2,95,795 people
  • ›Target this Data: 2,95,795 people rescued since 1978 (Parliamentary Standing Committee 2024-25).
  • ›Target this Nodal Body: District Collector (key implementing authority under the Act).
  • ›Target this Legal Point: Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976 (enacted Feb 9, 1976, retrospective from Oct 1975).

Mastered this topic? Test your knowledge with a full MCQ quiz.

Practice exam-style questions, track your score, and strengthen your recall.

Q1Static LinkageEasy

Under the Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976, who is the primary district-level authority responsible for identification, release, and rehabilitation of bonded labourers?

Q2Statement-basedHard

Consider the following statements regarding bonded labour in India:

1. The Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act was enacted in 1976 and given retrospective effect from 1975.

2. The Central Sector Scheme for Rehabilitation provides an immediate cash assistance of ₹20,000 to rescued labourers.

3. According to the Global Slavery Index 2023, India accounts for the largest number of people living in modern slavery globally.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Q3Data-centricMedium

As per the Parliamentary Standing Committee Report on Labour, Textiles, and Skill Development (2024-2025), what is the total number of bonded labourers rescued in India since 1978?

Q4Application/ImpactMedium

What is a major emerging challenge in combating bonded labour in India, as highlighted in the article?

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