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Great Nicobar Island Project: 13,000 Ha Forest Felling Triggers Compliance Transparency Concerns

Target:UPSC GS-IIIMPSCTeachingSSC GAPrelims HighMains HighStatic GK Link
19 Jun 2026
~2 min
Source: Indian Express
Key Data:166 sq km project area13,000 hectares forest fellingGalathea Bay erosionNGT order February 16Compliance reports not public since March 2024
Bodies:MoEFCCNational Green Tribunal (NGT)
Practice MCQs from today's news ▸
What This Article Covers

1.The Great Nicobar Island project involves 166 sq km area with transhipment port, military-civilian airport, power, and greenfield city, requiring felling of 13,000 hectares of forest.

2.Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav asserts that baseline studies, biodiversity conservation, and erosion issues at Galathea Bay have been examined through statutory appraisal and NGT review.

3.Examiner's angle: Understand the clearance process (EIA/CRZ), role of NGT, and the strategic vs. ecological trade-off – a classic 'development vs. environment' case.

The Big Picture
Prelims · HighMains · High

The Great Nicobar Island (GNI) mega project – a 166 sq km transhipment port, airport, and city – requires felling 13,000 hectares of pristine forest. The government claims all environmental concerns are addressed, but opposition MP Jairam Ramesh highlights that critical compliance reports on biodiversity and wildlife mitigation remain unavailable since March 2024. This clash exposes the tension between strategic development and ecological safeguards – a hot topic for UPSC environment, governance, and ethics papers.

Exam Lens

Quick Exam Facts From News

Project Area166 sq km
Forest to be felled13,000 hectares
Key LocationGalathea Bay
Last Public Compliance ReportMarch 2024
Related Tribunal OrderNGT order dated February 16

1-Minute Revision

  • ›Project Area: 166 sq km
  • ›Forest to be felled: 13,000 hectares
  • ›Target this Data: 166 sq km project area, 13,000 hectares forest felling, Galathea Bay, February 16 NGT order
  • ›Target this Nodal Body: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) – Minister Bhupender Yadav
  • ›Target this Legal Point: Compliance reports under environmental clearance conditions; CRZ and EIA clearance process

Mastered this topic? Test your knowledge with a full MCQ quiz.

Practice exam-style questions, track your score, and strengthen your recall.

Q1Static LinkageEasy

Which ministry is primarily responsible for the environmental clearance and compliance oversight of the Great Nicobar Island project?

Q2Statement-basedHard

Consider the following statements:

1. The Great Nicobar Island project includes a transhipment container port, an international military-civilian airport, power infrastructure, and a greenfield coastal city.

2. The six-monthly compliance reports for the project have been publicly available as per the environmental clearance conditions.

3. The National Green Tribunal examined issues related to erosion at Galathea Bay and the confidentiality of a high-powered committee report.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Q3Data-centricMedium

What is the total area of the Great Nicobar Island project, as mentioned in the article?

Q4Application/ImpactMedium

What is the primary purpose of making six-monthly compliance reports publicly available for a project like Great Nicobar Island?

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