India's Atmanirbhar Bharat mission faces a central paradox: while domestic manufacturing expands, the trade deficit with China has ballooned 71% from 2021 to 2025, reaching $167.6 billion. Nearly 70% of imports from China are intermediate goods, exposing a deep structural dependency on Chinese supply chains that PLI and PMP schemes have failed to break.
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- ›Bilateral Trade (2025): $167.6 billion
- ›Imports from China (2025): $149.5 billion (71% rise from 2021)
- ›Target this Data: Bilateral trade with China in 2025 — $167.6 billion; Imports from China — $149.5 billion (71% rise from 2021's $87.5 billion)
- ›Target this Composition: ~70% of imports from China are intermediate goods; ~22% are capital goods
- ›Target this Scheme: Atmanirbhar Bharat launched in 2020; PLI and PMP schemes mentioned as policy tools
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