SC Sets Aside 27 Gauhati HC Judgments: Fair Process Must Decide Citizenship Under Foreigners Act

Patna HC Rules Religious Freedom Under Article 25 Subject to Public Order and Morality

Patna High Court holds that the right to profess and practise religion under Article 25 is not absolute and can be restricted for public order, morality, and health. This reiterates the essential religious practices doctrine and clarifies that constitutional protection does not extend to every mode of exercise. A plea for 300 devotees in a religious procession in Siwan, Bihar, was dismissed citing past law-and-order incidents.

SC Special Bench to Decide OBC Creamy Layer Verdict's Applicability to CSE 2025

The Supreme Court will hear the Centre's plea seeking clarity on whether its March 2026 OBC creamy layer verdict applies to CSE 2025, which was largely concluded before the judgment. This tests the 'rules of the game' doctrine in service law and affects hundreds of OBC candidates' reservation status.

SC Quashes NEET Protest FIRs Under Article 142, Orders Compensation Policy for Suicide Victims

Supreme Court used Article 142 to quash all FIRs registered against NEET protesters across India, while ordering compensation policy for families of students who died by suicide. This judgment underscores the balance between protest rights and criminal liability, and the government's commitment to address exam leak issues.

Chhattisgarh HC Rules Shariyat Court Cannot Legally Dissolve Marriage; Triple Talaq Order Set Aside

Chhattisgarh High Court held that a Shariyat Court's declaration of triple talaq (Talaq-e-Hasan) has no legal authority. The judgment reinforces the supremacy of constitutional law over religious decrees, a crucial topic for UPSC mains on secularism and Uniform Civil Code.

SC Directs Govt to Frame Statutory Rules Under IT Act Barring Social Media for Minors Below 18

The Supreme Court has directed the Centre to frame statutory rules under the IT Intermediary Guidelines to enforce a minimum age of 18 for social media membership, citing inconsistencies with Indian contract and majority laws. This move directly impacts the liability of digital platforms operating in India and is crucial for understanding judicial intervention in digital regulation and child protection.

SC Questions 10-Fold Mark-Up on Cancer Drug (₹3,000 to ₹27,000) Under DPCO 2013

The Supreme Court has called the steep pricing disparity on essential medicines — especially a cancer drug sold at ₹27,000 to consumers despite being supplied to retailers for ₹3,000 — as 'carnage'. The case challenges the enforcement of the Drugs (Prices Control) Order, 2013, and raises critical questions about healthcare affordability, taxpayer burden under Ayushman Bharat, and the role of private hospitals in overcharging patients.

SC Recognises Student Mental Health Under Article 21 in Sukdeb Saha (2025); NEET Paper Leak Tests Institutional Responsibility

The Supreme Court has expanded the right to life (Article 21) to include student mental health, holding institutions responsible for student suicides under Sukdeb Saha v. State of Andhra Pradesh (2025). The NEET paper leak of 2026 becomes the first major test of this new constitutional principle, forcing the state to move beyond individual controversies toward structural reform in examinations and recruitment.

SC Upholds Clinical Establishments Rules 2012: Price Range Fixing Under Article 47

The Union Health Ministry defended the constitutional validity of the 2012 Clinical Establishments Rules before the Supreme Court, arguing that price regulation of healthcare services is essential to fulfill the mandate of Article 47 (DPSP). This is a key case for understanding the balance between fundamental rights (Article 19(1)(g)) and reasonable restrictions in the interest of public health.