SC Clarifies Section 87 CrPC: Police Cannot Arrest in Private Complaint Cases Without Non-Bailable Warrant

SC Clarifies BNSS Section 187(2): Police Custody Available in Parts Up to 15 Days in 40/60 Days

The Supreme Court in State of Andhra Pradesh vs Suda Suresh Veera Venkata Naga Raju held that Section 187(2) BNSS allows police custody to be granted in parts, not exceeding 15 days in aggregate, during the first 40 or 60 days of detention. It also clarified that Section 38 BNSS does not entitle an accused to continuous physical presence of a lawyer throughout interrogation. This judgment expands investigative flexibility under the new criminal procedure code.

Supreme Court Rules Police Cannot Independently Investigate Sex Determination Cases Under PC&PNDT Act

The Supreme Court has ruled that police cannot independently investigate offences under the Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994. Only the Appropriate Authority, a specialised body under the Act, can investigate. Police may assist but cannot take over the investigation, and any separate criminal offences (IPC/BNS) can be investigated independently. This clarifies a long-standing legal confusion and is crucial for understanding the enforcement mechanism of this social legislation.

Madras HC: No Sanction Needed Under BNSS Section 218 for Disproportionate Assets Cases

The Madras High Court has ruled that no prior sanction is required under Section 197 CrPC or Section 218 BNSS to prosecute public servants for disproportionate assets, because such an offence has no nexus with official duty. The ruling, which refused to discharge former DMK Minister M.R.K. Panneerselvam and his family, clarifies a key examiner-relevant dimension of the Prevention of Corruption Act.

SC Asks if PMLA Adjudicating Authority Can Confirm Attachments Without Judicial Member; Only 60 of 8,851 ED Cases Went to Trial

The Supreme Court questioned whether the PMLA Adjudicating Authority can validly confirm asset attachment orders when sitting without a judicial member, given the massive workload of thousands of cases per tribunal. With ED data showing only 60 of 8,851 cases went to trial, the core issue is whether quasi-judicial functions are being performed properly or merely rubber-stamped.

SC Mandates Judicial Magistrate Sanction for Re-arrest Under Article 22(1) to Prevent Police Abuse

The Supreme Court has mandated that police must obtain prior sanction from a Judicial Magistrate before re-arresting a person whose earlier arrest was declared illegal for violating Article 22(1). This landmark judgment strengthens fundamental rights by preventing arbitrary re-arrest and ensures judicial oversight over police discretion.

SC Stays HC Order Declaring NSEI as 'Public Authority' Under RTI Act Section 2(h)

The Supreme Court has stayed a Delhi High Court order that declared the National Stock Exchange of India (NSEI) a 'public authority' under Section 2(h) of the RTI Act. This means citizens cannot currently enforce their right to information from NSEI. The case challenges whether a stock exchange, though controlled by the government, should be treated as a public authority.

SC Order: News Outlets Can Report but Cannot Use Audio-Video Clips of Court Proceedings

The Supreme Court clarified on July 31 that recognized news outlets can report court proceedings but cannot use audio-video clips of hearings on digital platforms. This order balances open justice with preventing commercial exploitation of livestreamed proceedings.

CVC Report: 7,229 CBI Corruption Cases Pending Trial, 409 Over 20 Years

The CVC's annual report reveals a massive backlog of corruption cases investigated by the CBI, with over 7,200 pending trials and 14,083 appeals/revisions pending in higher courts. This highlights systemic delays in the criminal justice system and raises governance concerns that are highly relevant for civil services and judiciary exams.