India’s PM-KUSUM scheme has installed 2.5 million solar pumps, raising concerns over groundwater depletion. However, the real issue is not solar irrigation itself but the model deployed. Grid-connected systems with feed-in tariffs and fee-for-service models can incentivize water conservation, while standalone pumps are better for rainfed eastern India. PM-KUSUM 2.0 must adopt a differentiated regional approach.
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- ›Scheme: PM-KUSUM (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthan Mahabhiyan)
- ›Solar Pumps Installed: Over 2.5 million
- ›Target this Data: PM-KUSUM has installed over 2.5 million solar pumps.
- ›Target this Data: Gujarat SKY scheme feed-in tariff ~₹7/unit, farmer income ~₹21,900/year.
- ›Target this Data: India’s agricultural electricity subsidies exceed ₹1 lakh crore/year; irrigation CO2 emissions 45-62 million tonnes/year.
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