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CAG Report Flags Loss of 518 of 697 Lakes in J&K Since 1967, Highlights Threats of Encroachment and Eutrophication

Target:UPSC GS-IIIMPSCTeachingSSC GAPrelims HighMains HighStatic GK Link
27 Apr 2026
~2 min
Source: Indian Express
Key Data:518 of 697 lakes in J&K315 lakes vanished4% of Earth's land90% of surface fresh water
Bodies:Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG)Supreme Court of India
Practice MCQs from today's news ▸
What This Article Covers

1.A CAG report (up to March 2022) found 315 lakes fully vanished in J&K, with 518 of 697 lakes recorded in 1967 either disappeared or shrunk.

2.Major threats include pollution/eutrophication (e.g., Bellandur Lake), illegal encroachment, sand mining, and unregulated tourism, exacerbated by fragmented governance.

3.The Supreme Court's 2025 judgment in Swachh Association vs State of Maharashtra expanded the Public Trust Doctrine to cover artificially created lakes, broadening state responsibility.

The Big Picture
Prelims · HighMains · High

A CAG report reveals alarming degradation of India's lakes, with 518 of 697 lakes in Jammu & Kashmir lost or shrunk since 1967. This trend, driven by pollution, encroachment, and weak governance, threatens water security, biodiversity, and livelihoods, raising critical questions under the Public Trust Doctrine.

Exam Lens

Quick Exam Facts From News

Lakes Lost in J&K518 of 697 lakes (since 1967)
Fully Vanished Lakes315 lakes in J&K
Earth's Surface Covered4% by lakes
Global Fresh Water90% from lakes
Key SC Case (Year)Swachh Association vs State of Maharashtra (2025)

1-Minute Revision

  • ›Lakes Lost in J&K: 518 of 697 lakes (since 1967)
  • ›Fully Vanished Lakes: 315 lakes in J&K
  • ›Target this Data: 518 of 697 lakes in J&K lost/shrunk since 1967 (CAG report).
  • ›Target this Nodal Body: Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India.
  • ›Target this Legal Point: Public Trust Doctrine expanded to artificial lakes (SC, 2025 - Swachh Association vs State of Maharashtra).

Mastered this topic? Test your knowledge with a full MCQ quiz.

Practice exam-style questions, track your score, and strengthen your recall.

Q1Static LinkageEasy

Which constitutional body published the report on 'Conservation and Management of Lakes' that highlighted the loss of lakes in Jammu & Kashmir?

Q2Statement-basedHard

Consider the following statements regarding lakes in India:

1. According to a CAG report, 518 of the total 697 lakes recorded in 1967 in Jammu and Kashmir have either disappeared or shrunk.

2. The Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2017, provide a comprehensive central legal framework for the conservation of all lakes in India.

3. The Supreme Court, in its 2025 judgment, clarified that the Public Trust Doctrine applies only to natural water bodies and not to artificially created ones.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Q3Data-centricMedium

According to the article, what percentage of the world's surface fresh water is provided by lakes?

Q4Application/ImpactMedium

What is the primary implication of the Supreme Court's 2025 judgment in Swachh Association vs State of Maharashtra regarding the Public Trust Doctrine?

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