6 September 2026, Questions & Answers

Explanation

SWIFT is a Belgium-based cooperative overseen by the National Bank of Belgium and the G-10 central banks, including the U.S. Federal Reserve. The other options are incorrect as SWIFT is not overseen by the World Bank, IMF, or BIS.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: mBridge was built by BIS with China, Thailand, Hong Kong, and UAE. Statement 2 is correct: The Kazan declaration agreed to 'discuss and study the feasibility' of BRICS Clear, though it was not mentioned in the Rio declaration. Statement 3 is incorrect: Indian officials have framed the proposal as a means of cutting transaction costs, not displacing the dollar.

Explanation

The article states: 'Over 95% of its settlement volume is in China's digital yuan, according to People's Bank of China figures reported by Reuters.' The other options are distractors.

Explanation

The article mentions that U.S. President Donald Trump threatened 100% tariffs on BRICS countries if they moved away from the dollar. Indian officials framed discussions as cost reduction to avoid such retaliation. The other options are not supported by the article.

Explanation

SCO was founded on June 15, 2001 by China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan (the Shanghai Five). India joined later in 2017 along with Pakistan.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per article. Statement 2 is correct as the declaration condemned the strikes and supported Iran's sovereignty. Statement 3 is false because India stayed away from endorsing the BRI, while other members expressed support.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the SCO was launched on June 15, 2001 with China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan as founding members.

Explanation

The article states that PM Modi spoke about ensuring no double standards in fighting terrorism and called for peace and stability in Afghanistan, highlighting India's role in supplying relief materials and advocating inclusive government.

Explanation

The RBI is the central bank of India and is mandated to regulate the monetary policy, including liquidity management through tools like CRR, SLR, VRRR, and OMO. SEBI regulates capital markets, IRDAI insurance, and NABARD rural credit.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: the article states liquidity was Rs 9.7 lakh crore on September 2, 2026, the highest since May 2022. Statement 2 is correct: forex swap inflows were $136.377 billion. Statement 3 is incorrect: the article says CRR is 3.00% of NDTL after a 100 bps cut, not 4.00%.

Explanation

The article specifies that the daily average surplus in August stood at Rs 3.67 lakh crore, more than three times July's Rs 1.07 lakh crore. Option A is July's figure, C is the peak on September 2, and D is a forecast for December-end.

Explanation

The article states that 'persistently loose liquidity conditions can also add to inflationary pressures.' Excess liquidity pushes overnight rates below the repo rate, weakening monetary policy transmission and fueling inflation. The RBI's MPC is already concerned about inflation peaking at 5.9%.

Explanation

India proposed a BRICS development bank at the 2012 New Delhi summit, which became the New Development Bank (NDB). By mid-2026, the NDB had approved approximately $44 billion across 141 projects.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: BRICS GDP (PPP) share in 2024 was 36.8% vs G7's below 29%. Statement 2 is incorrect: the article states that the idea of a single BRICS currency has been largely shelved due to US threats, and the BRICS Pay system (not a currency) will be unveiled. Statement 3 is correct: India and UAE have operated a rupee-dirham local currency settlement since July 2023.

Explanation

The article states that intra-BRICS merchandise trade reached $1.17 trillion in 2024, a nearly 13-fold increase from $84 billion two decades ago. Option A ($84 billion) is the trade figure from two decades ago, option C ($5.2 trillion) is combined foreign reserves, and option D ($8.45 billion) is the India-Indonesia local currency trade figure for early 2026.

Explanation

The BRICS Pay system will link national payment rails (Russia's SPFS, China's CIPS, India's UPI, Brazil's Pix) to allow member states to settle trade without routing through dollar correspondent banks. This is described as 'de-dollarisation through the back-door'. It is not a single currency (option A), nor does it aim to replace the dollar as a reserve currency (option C), and it is separate from the NDB (option D).

Explanation

Belarus joined the SCO in 2024, making it the newest member. Iran joined in 2023, while India and Pakistan became full members in 2017. The SCO was founded in 2001 with six members: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: the SR mechanism was established in 2003 during Vajpayee's visit. Statement 2 is incorrect: the 25th round was held in Beijing, not New Delhi. Statement 3 is incorrect: 'early and substantial harvest' is a diplomatic term meaning that before the final settlement, some portions of the border can be agreed upon mutually; it does not mean a complete settlement.

Explanation

Iran joined the SCO as a full member in 2023. India and Pakistan joined in 2017, and Belarus joined in 2024. The SCO was established in 2001. This is a common data point for prelims questions.

Explanation

India opposes the BRI primarily because the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a key BRI project, passes through Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK), which India considers its sovereign territory. While other options are also valid concerns, the sovereignty issue is the core reason for India's official opposition.

Explanation

The Supreme Court Collegium, headed by the Chief Justice of India, makes recommendations for judicial appointments as per the established convention. The article discusses the Collegium's agenda to fill SC vacancies.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: 'Currently, the SC has 34 judges — four short of its sanctioned strength.' Statement 2 is correct: 'A fifth seat will fall vacant when Justice Satish Chandra Sharma retires on November 29.' Statement 3 is correct: 'The Supreme Court (Number of Judges) Amendment Ordinance, 2026, which raised the court’s sanctioned strength in May.' Hence option D is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly names Justices Sunita Agarwal (Gujarat), Lisa Gill (Andhra Pradesh), and Revati Mohite Dere (Meghalaya) as the only women Chief Justices of High Courts. The SC currently has only one woman judge, Justice Nagarathna.

Explanation

The article states that 'gender representation is expected to weigh on the Collegium’s choice' and 'another key issue is recommending a candidate who can add to the potential line of succession to the office of the CJI.' These are the two highlighted criteria.

Explanation

The CBI is constituted under the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946. Section 6 of this act allows state governments to restrict CBI's jurisdiction within their territory. The other options are incorrect: there is no separate 'CBI Act'; the IPC and Prevention of Corruption Act are substantive laws, not the enabling act for CBI.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the notification. Statement 2 is incorrect because the notification explicitly exempts central government employees. Statement 3 is correct as the notification cites Section 6 of DSPE Act. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The notification was issued by the Bihar Home Department on September 3, 2026. The article was published on September 6, 2026, which is a common distractor. Hence option B is correct.

Explanation

The notification reasserts the state's authority under Section 6 of DSPE Act to regulate CBI jurisdiction within its territory. This is a manifestation of federalism, where states have power over police and law enforcement (List II of Seventh Schedule). Options A and C are opposite; option D is unrelated.

Explanation

The article states that Uttarakhand replaced its statutory Madrasa Board with the Uttarakhand State Authority for Minority Education (USAME), which regulates institutions run by all six notified minority communities.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because the 2024 SC judgment dealt with the UP Madrasa Act, 2004, not Uttarakhand's new framework. Statement 3 is correct as the article lists all six communities. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states that 17 madrasas have been sealed, while the managements of 3 have submitted written confirmations of closure, making a total of 20 shut down. Option D refers to an earlier crackdown on unrecognised madrasas.

Explanation

The article quotes the Minority Affairs Secretary and CM stating that no educational institution will be allowed to operate without complying with prescribed rules and recognition requirements. The objective is regulation, not abolition or conversion. Option D is contrary to the Supreme Court's reasoning linking Article 21A and RTE Act.

Explanation

The Census of India is conducted by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, which operates under the Ministry of Home Affairs. This ministry oversees all census-related activities including population enumeration and data release.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because the reference date for snow-bound areas (Ladakh, J&K, HP, Uttarakhand) is October 1, 2026, not March 1, 2027. Statement 3 is correct as the self-enumeration window is Nov 16-30, 2026. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states that for Ladakh and snow-bound non-synchronous areas of J&K, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand, the reference date is 00:00 hours of October 1, 2026. The enumeration for these areas took place from September 1-30, 2026.

Explanation

The terms of the state assemblies of Goa, Manipur, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Uttarakhand end by May 2027, and they are likely to go to polls in early 2027. By advancing the census enumeration, the government ensures the exercise is completed before the Model Code of Conduct is imposed, preventing administrative disruption.

Explanation

In the Nandini Sundar vs. State of Chhattisgarh (2011) case, the Supreme Court declared the Salwa Judum unconstitutional for violating the fundamental rights to equality (Article 14) and protection of life and personal liberty (Article 21). The court held that arming civilians as SPOs without training violated these rights.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: Mahendra Karma was the face of the Salwa Judum, which was struck down by the SC in 2011. Statement 2 is correct: The attack killed 28, and all 10 accused were convicted in 2026. Statement 3 is incorrect: The NIA never spoke with Karma's family, and the alleged conspiracy investigation (by a SIT formed in 2020) went cold after BJP returned to power.

Explanation

The article states that Mahendra Karma (aged 62) was killed along with 27 others, totaling 28 fatalities. All 10 Maoists accused in the attack were convicted on Saturday (September 5, 2026). The other options are incorrect distractors.

Explanation

The Supreme Court in Nandini Sundar vs. State of Chhattisgarh (2011) held that the Salwa Judum's recruitment of civilians as Special Police Officers (SPOs) without proper training and arming them violated the fundamental rights to equality (Article 14) and life (Article 21). The court found that the state failed in its duty to protect citizens, leading to human rights abuses.

Explanation

PMJDY is administered by the Department of Financial Services under the Ministry of Finance. As per the RTI reply, the Department of Financial Services provided the data, confirming its nodal role.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: 59,03,74,907 accounts (over 59 crore). Statement 2 is incorrect: Women account holders are 32.89 crore, men 26.14 crore (swapped). Statement 3 is correct: Uttar Pradesh has 3.23 crore inoperative accounts, the highest. Hence option C.

Explanation

The RTI reply stated that 5,72,35,490 accounts (5.72 crore) had zero balance. 15.36 crore is the number of inoperative accounts, while 59.03 crore is the total accounts.

Explanation

PMJDY was launched as the National Mission for Financial Inclusion to ensure comprehensive financial inclusion by providing universal access to banking facilities with at least one basic bank account to every household, financial literacy, and social security cover.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that through the CMCHIS, the Tamil Nadu government provides cashless care to about 1.48 crore families at over 2,000 empanelled hospitals. The Health Minister cited CMCHIS data on valve care, including 2,590 valve replacements.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article describes the registry as clinician-led, multicentre, patient-level. Statement 2 is incorrect because the registry was launched by Vice-President C.P. Radhakrishnan, not the Health Minister. Statement 3 is correct: the Health Minister said nearly four out of every five bioprosthetic valves implanted were manufactured in India.

Explanation

The article states that the government paid over ₹34 crore for the 2,590 valve replacement surgeries. The other options are distractors; ₹25 crore and ₹43 crore are not mentioned, and ₹50 crore is a plausible but incorrect figure.

Explanation

The Vice-President emphasised that while global evidence is important, India must generate evidence from its own patients and clinical experience. The registry aims to identify challenges, learn from experiences, and improve patient care. Options A, C, and D are not stated in the article.

Explanation

The article states that the resolution was led by Sierra Leone. India was a co-sponsor, not the lead country. The other options are not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: the resolution was adopted on Sept 4, 2026 by consensus. Statement 2 is incorrect: the campaign was launched on Nov 27, 2024, not 2026. Statement 3 is correct: the resolution calls for investment in quality education for all girls. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'The network has prevented and stopped over 550,000 child marriages since 2023.' The other options are not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

The resolution proclaims November 27 as International Day for the Elimination of Child, Early and Forced Marriage. It encourages member states to develop strategies and invest in education, but does not create legal bans, funding, or courts. The primary objective is awareness and action, as stated in the article.

Explanation

CDSCO is the national drug regulatory authority under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. It oversees drug quality, safety, and enforcement of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: CDSCO flagged 17 differences in the spurious batch. Statement 2 is incorrect: IIL holds 40% of the domestic (India) rabies vaccine market, not global. Statement 3 is correct: The DCGI communicated on August 27 asking state drug controllers to be vigilant.

Explanation

The ICMR 2025 study based on a nationwide survey of nearly 79,000 households estimated 5,726 human rabies deaths annually in India. The other options are close distractors but not correct.

Explanation

As stated in the article, a rabies vaccine works by training the immune system to recognise the rabies virus and make antibodies against it. It is most effective if given within 24 hours of a bite. It does not kill the virus directly nor neutralizes venom or prevents bacterial infection.

Explanation

The article states that the resolution was adopted by the UN General Assembly on September 4, 2026. The UN Security Council deals with peace and security, ECOSOC with economic/social issues, and ICJ with legal disputes. Hence B is correct.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per article (Sept 4, 2026). Statement 2 is false – the resolution was sponsored by Togo, not India. Statement 3 is false – the US voted against, not in favor. Hence only statement 1 is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions 164 votes in favor. The other options are plausible distractors (e.g., 156 is the total UN membership minus some, 170 is close but incorrect). Hence B is correct.

Explanation

India's MEA spokesperson specifically stated that India's sovereign territory, including the UTs of J&K and Ladakh, must be depicted per India's official map, and any inaccurate depiction is unacceptable. While India supported equal-area projections, its primary concern was territorial sovereignty.

Explanation

The III Corps, also called the Spear Corps, with its headquarters at Rangapahar near Dimapur in Nagaland, is responsible for operations in the eastern sector including Arunachal Pradesh. Lt Gen Girish Kalia, its commander, led the Indian delegation.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the talks were held at Wacha-Damai. Statement 2 is incorrect because the 23 rounds of talks were held at Chushul-Moldo in Ladakh; this was a separate meeting in Arunachal, not the 24th round. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the Doval-Wang Yi meeting on August 25.

Explanation

India and China have held 23 rounds of Corps Commander-level meetings at the Chushul-Moldo border meeting point in eastern Ladakh. The 23rd round was held in October 2025.

Explanation

The talks were held amid reports of recent tensions in the Taksing area of Upper Subansiri district in Arunachal Pradesh. The geographic shift from the usual Ladakh location indicates that tensions have emerged in a new sector, requiring a localized dialogue mechanism.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the US Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) proposed invoking Special Measure Five under Section 311. FinCEN is the bureau responsible for combating financial crimes, including money laundering and sanctions evasion.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because the proposal applies only to Banque Misr UAE (five branches), not to its operations in Egypt or other countries. Statement 2 is correct as the article mentions $1.8 billion transacted for 103 companies. Statement 3 is correct as the measure bars US banks from maintaining correspondent accounts for the targeted entity.

Explanation

The article specifically states that transactions worth $520 million took place during the last 12 months (ending June 2026) for 103 companies. The total amount from January 2024 to June 2026 was $1.8 billion, making $520 million the correct figure for the last 12 months.

Explanation

The article describes Section 311 as a “precision instrument” that targets specific branches without penalizing the parent institution (Banque Misr Egypt), thereby avoiding broader diplomatic fallout. The goal is to choke Iran’s cash flow and force it to capitulate on regional proxy activities and nuclear efforts.

Explanation

ISRO functions under the Department of Space, which is directly under the Prime Minister's Office. The Ministry of Science and Technology oversees other scientific agencies like DST and CSIR, but not ISRO. Therefore option C is correct.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because ISRO explicitly said the private sector's role is not about reducing its role but about ecosystem expansion. Statement 2 is correct: India aims for $44 billion space economy by 2033. Statement 3 is correct: ISRO will focus on frontier tech while routine production goes to industry. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states that India aims to increase its share of the global space market to $44 billion by 2033. $8.4 billion is the current estimated size. The other options are incorrect distractors based on other numbers mentioned (2035 is the year for Bharatiya Antariksh Station).

Explanation

ISRO stated that the opening up of the space sector, along with the Indian Space Policy 2023 and FDI policy, is aimed towards creating a larger, stronger, and globally competitive Indian space ecosystem. It is not about reducing government expenditure or transferring all activities, but about complementing ISRO's capabilities and expanding the ecosystem.

Explanation

The research was conducted by scientists at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru. The team included Debasis Das, Reshma Ramakrishnan, Kirti Parmar, Dipshikha Chakravortty, and others. IISc is India's premier institute for scientific research and education.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: CRhAB works against both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii. Statement 2 is incorrect: GH B2 was effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae, not Acinetobacter baumannii. Statement 3 is correct: both bacteria are ESKAPE pathogens. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the research team published their findings in the journal Nature. Nature is one of the world's most prestigious scientific journals, known for publishing high-impact research across various disciplines.

Explanation

The enzyme CRhAB degrades the polysaccharide chains that form the biofilm matrix. This makes the bacteria vulnerable to antibiotics and the immune system, rather than directly killing the bacteria. This is a novel approach targeting the protective barrier rather than the pathogen itself.