8 September 2026, Questions & Answers

Explanation

The Bureau of Energy Efficiency is a statutory body under the Ministry of Power, Government of India, as mentioned in the article. It is responsible for implementing the Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS).

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: HM Treasury confirmed inclusion. Statement 2 is incorrect because the recognition provides carbon price relief, not complete exemption; the CBAM liability is reduced, not eliminated. Statement 3 is correct: the article mentions sustained technical engagement. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article specifically states that merchandise trade between India and the UK stood at $25.1 billion in 2025-26. The other options are distractors: $35.4 billion is the services trade figure for 2024.

Explanation

The article states that the recognition will reduce the effective CBAM liability on Indian goods, as UK importers can claim carbon price relief corresponding to the carbon price already borne under CCTS. It does not provide complete exemption or access to UK market, nor does it increase quotas.

Explanation

The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas is responsible for exploration, production, refining, and distribution of petroleum products including LPG. The article mentions the ministry's estimates on consumption decline.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: US share rose to 53% in March-August 2026. Statement 2 is correct: total imports fell 43.1% sequentially. Statement 3 is correct: the article states India's import dependency stands at 60% for LPG, meaning 60% of LPG consumption is imported.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that in September-February, Washington supplied about 993,000 tonnes of LPG, making up 7.9% of New Delhi's LPG imports. The other options are shares of other countries (UAE 37.8%, Qatar 21.1%) in the same period.

Explanation

The article states that the West Asia war led to an effective halt in vessel movements through the Strait of Hormuz, which is the primary route for Gulf LPG exports. This forced India to seek alternative sources, and the US became the readily available option. While US propane was cheaper pre-war, the main driver was the supply disruption.

Explanation

The UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022, provide the framework for direct PhD entry. NEP 2020 set the policy direction, but the implementing regulations are from UGC.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per UGC Regulations 2022. Statement 2 is incorrect because the minimum CGPA is 7.5 for UR/OBC/EWS and 7.0 for SC/ST/PwBD — not same for all. Statement 3 is correct as per the article: 'special one-time measure exclusively for the first batch of FYUP students.' Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states that a minimum 7.5 CGPA is mandatory for UR, OBC, and EWS candidates. For SC, ST, and PwBD, the minimum is 7.0 CGPA.

Explanation

Experts like Professor Habib and student Daksha Shrestha Singh highlight that the FYUP's fourth year does not provide adequate research environment, proper guidelines, and mentorship, making students unprepared for PhD. Other options are not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

RDSO is the R&D arm of Indian Railways, headquartered in Lucknow. IRISET provides technical supervision but RDSO certifies systems like Kavach. The article explicitly states RDSO as the certifying body.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: ITMS uses computer vision. Statement 2 is incorrect because WILD detects defects while trains are in motion, not stationary. Statement 3 is correct: 141 km deployed in Northeast. Hence option C.

Explanation

The article states consequential railway accidents fell from 135 in 2014-15 to just 11 in 2025-26. 472 refers to route km of Kavach 4.0 commissioned in January; 617 is the number of locomotives with Kavach.

Explanation

Tri-Nethra is an advanced driver assistance system developed for navigating in foggy and low-visibility conditions, particularly in the Northeast. The other options are different AI initiatives: intrusion detection (elephant), WILD (wheel defects), and video surveillance (stations).

Explanation

The Manipur Home Minister explicitly stated that the state government cannot implement an NRC on its own without the Centre's approval. The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) is the nodal ministry for citizenship and NRC matters under the Union List.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because the 2018 Bill was passed unanimously by the Assembly but did not become law. Statement 2 is correct as per the Kuki-Zo Council's opposition arguments. Statement 3 is correct as the Assam Accord established the March 24, 1971 cut-off.

Explanation

The article states that Manipur's decadal population growth was 12.80% in 1951, which increased sharply to 35.04% in 1961. This sharp increase is cited by proponents as evidence of substantial migration after the permit system was abolished in 1950.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Meitei and Naga organisations want the NRC completed before the Census, arguing that population figures should not influence future political representation (through delimitation) until illegal immigration has been addressed. This is the core political motivation behind the urgency.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Canada’s Department of Finance published the tariff schedule on August 25 and revised it the next day. This is the nodal body responsible for customs and tariff policy in Canada.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: 629 items covering C$27.6 billion. Statement 2 is incorrect because the tariffs apply to goods qualifying as US-origin under CUSMA country-of-origin marking regulations, not all goods. Statement 3 is correct: the revised list removed 254 fish/seafood classifications and added nine other items.

Explanation

The article states: 'Canada’s retaliatory tariffs on US goods took effect at 12:01 am on Tuesday, September 8'. August 25 is the date the schedule was published, and January 1 is the date Trump threatened 50% auto tariffs.

Explanation

The article describes the move as a 'dollar-for-dollar response' to US tariffs imposed on Canadian exports including wine, furniture, dairy, and hockey equipment. The US tariffs cover about $20 billion of Canadian exports, matching Canada's tariff value.

Explanation

The article repeatedly refers to the 'UNEP report titled Limiting Overshoot'. UNEP is the United Nations Environment Programme. The other options are bodies mentioned in the article but are not the report's author.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct because the report says 'no plausible scientific pathways left that keep temperatures below 1.5°C'. Statement 2 is incorrect because the Paris Agreement sets 2°C as the upper limit and identifies 1.5°C as the more desirable goal. Statement 3 is correct as India promised at least 60% non-fossil fuel-based installed electricity capacity by 2035.

Explanation

The article states that in 2024, the average temperature was 1.55°C above pre-industrial times, significantly influenced by El Nino. In 2025, warming came down to 1.45°C. The 1.5°C threshold for annual averages has thus been breached once.

Explanation

The article says the report lays out a three-step response: immediate emission cuts and protection of vulnerable people and ecosystems; reaching at least net-zero at peak warming while coping with impacts; and then sustained net-negative CO2 emissions to bring temperatures down. Mitigation and adaptation must happen together.

Explanation

The article states that the Coal Ministry informed about the receipt of applications. The scheme is under the purview of the Ministry of Coal, which is responsible for coal gasification projects.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: 'The Union Cabinet on May 13 approved a ₹37,500 crore package'. Statement 2 is incorrect because the first round closed on September 7, not September 8. Statement 3 is correct: 'NTPC Ltd... is seeking to produce synthetic natural gas as the end product'. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'The Coal Ministry informed... that it has received seven applications seeking financial support for setting up of coal gasification projects in the country.' Therefore, 7 is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'The Union Cabinet... approved a ₹37,500 crore package aimed at promoting surface coal and lignite gasification in the country.' The end products include urea, synthetic natural gas, and syngas, which are used for energy and fertilizer production.

Explanation

The article states: 'Russia was once part of the G8, the group of Western industrial states.' The G8 included Russia until its suspension in 2014. G7 is the group without Russia. G20 and G3 are other groupings.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: the article says the summit will produce a lengthy declaration and the Rio declaration had 126 paragraphs. Statement 2 is false: Iran and UAE have a sharp divide – Iran wants condemnation of US/Israel, UAE stresses sovereignty. Statement 3 is correct: the Kremlin confirmed Putin and Xi discussed a possible trilateral meeting with Trump at APEC Shenzhen. Hence option C.

Explanation

The article mentions 'a possible trilateral meeting with Trump at the APEC summit in Shenzhen in November.' The other options are also mentioned elsewhere in the article (Delhi – BRICS, Rio – last BRICS, Bishkek – SCO summit).

Explanation

The article states: 'For an Indian strategic community that jumps at the thought of a G-2, the idea of a G-3 will generate even greater political anxiety... Delhi might find itself excluded from the new three-cornered table.' While border tensions and BRICS membership are concerns, the immediate risk highlighted is exclusion from the new triangular world order.

Explanation

The article mentions IN-SPACe as the agency set up to facilitate private participation, and it assured that ISRO will 'not be diminished'.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: the article says EOS-05 is ISRO's first geosynchronous imaging satellite launched on a GSLV. Statement 2 is correct: nine employee associations co-signed a letter. Statement 3 is incorrect: the policy does not mention privatisation within five years; ISRO has said it will not be privatised.

Explanation

The article states NASA's budget as $24.4 billion, compared to ISRO's ₹13,705 crore. The other options are close distractors: $13.7 billion is roughly ISRO's budget in dollars if converted, but not the figure given for NASA.

Explanation

The article states the employee associations seek clarity on staff strength, recruitment, and outsourcing of core functions, and that both ISRO and IN-SPACe are silent on the core concern of potential job losses.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions the NSA as the law under which the District Magistrate detained the law student. The NSA allows preventive detention for up to 12 months on grounds of national security, public order, or essential services. Other options are different anti-terror or preventive laws.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The court quashed the NSA detention and ordered ₹5 lakh compensation. Statement 2 is correct: The court termed the DM's conduct 'worthy of derision' and said she violated her oath. Statement 3 is incorrect: The compensation is to be recovered from the DM's salary, not from the state exchequer.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the court directed compensation of ₹5 lakh to be paid to Ms. Chaudhary and recovered from the salary of the District Magistrate and other responsible officers. The other options are distractors not mentioned in the news.

Explanation

The court specifically noted that the DM passed the detention order 'without application of mind' and that the recovery from her salary serves as a deterrent and a mechanism for personal accountability. While other options may be secondary, the core purpose is to make the officer responsible for the unlawful act.

Explanation

The article states that the Supreme Court bench directed Assam not to appoint or absorb teachers in schools and colleges under the provincialisation scheme. NCTE and UGC are mentioned in the context of teacher qualification laws, not as judicial authorities passing orders.

Explanation

Statement 1 is directly from the article: notices were issued to these authorities. Statement 2 inverts the petitioners' contention — they challenged the scheme because it allegedly permits entry without fair, transparent and competitive recruitment. Statement 3 is also mentioned as one of the reliefs sought. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article clearly states that 'The Supreme Court on Tuesday (September 8, 2026) directed' the Assam government. The other dates are not mentioned in the article and act as distractors.

Explanation

The petitioners contended that entry into substantive government service without fair, transparent and competitive recruitment violates Articles 14 and 16. One of the reliefs sought was that future appointments to government teaching posts be made only through a merit-based competitive process, consistent with Articles 14 and 16.

Explanation

The article states the report was tabled in the T.N. Assembly, indicating the commission was appointed by the Tamil Nadu government. The tragedy occurred in Kallakurichi district of Tamil Nadu.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the report held police and excise officials responsible. Statement 2 is incorrect because the commission recommended departmental inquiries, not criminal prosecution. Statement 3 is correct as the report explicitly recommended providing education, food, and shelter to orphaned children. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article clearly states that 69 persons died in the 2024 Kallakurichi illicit arrack tragedy. The other options are close distractors from other hooch tragedies.

Explanation

The commission specifically recommended creating another Prohibition Enforcement Wing for the Kalvarayan Hills, which it identified as the primary source of illicit arrack. This is a targeted enforcement measure to curb production at the source.

Explanation

The article says the European Commission made announcements on the first intermediary deployments of IRIS², calling it the constellation for secured communication in space. IRIS² is therefore an EU/European Commission programme, not an Indian or French bilateral initiative.

Explanation

Statement 1 matches the article’s four pillars. Statement 2 is wrong because the summit is scheduled for September 9-10, 2026. Statement 3 correctly captures the expected participation, including India’s high-level delegation.

Explanation

The article explicitly says around 2,000 participants representing 120 countries are expected. The other options use close numbers to create confusion.

Explanation

The article says three declarations on international safety, frequency, and space data are likely to be adopted during the summit. The four pillars frame the summit, IRIS² deployments were announced earlier by the European Commission, and launcher investment is not part of any declared summit outcome.

Explanation

The article states that the Indian presidency helped lead to the establishment of the BRICS Bank, the New Development Bank. AIIB was a Chinese initiative, while World Bank and IMF are Bretton Woods institutions.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: the article mentions the summit is to be held this weekend (September 12-13, 2026) in New Delhi. Statement 2 is correct: BRICS has 11 members after adding Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Indonesia, plus 10 partner countries. Statement 3 is incorrect: the article says 'the last thing India wants is an alternative Bretton Woods system dominated by China.' India is uncomfortable with mBridge.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that this year's theme for India's chairship has four pillars: Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability. Option A was the theme of the 2012 summit, C is PM Modi's vision, and D is a broader agenda India pushes within BRICS.

Explanation

The article highlights multiple factors pushing BRICS towards anti-West: China competing with US for global leadership, Russia at war with Ukraine, Iran being bombarded by US/Israel, US imposing tariffs on India and India, and Quad being emasculated. All these make it hard for India to maintain a non-West line.

Explanation

The article states that 'A university competition in June 2025 featured an event that simulated infiltration behind enemy lines' and refers to NUDT as the PLA's premier research institution that hosted the competition.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct based on BofA Global Research. Statement 2 is incorrect: the article explicitly says 'Reuters found no evidence that China has deployed an armed humanoid with an operational PLA unit.' Statement 3 is correct: Company materials describe Fuxi's teleoperation system. Hence option C.

Explanation

The article states: 'Chinese manufacturers accounted for about 95% of global humanoid shipments in 2025, according to BofA Global Research.' This is a clear data point for prelims.

Explanation

The article quotes Carnegie Mellon professor Aaron Johnson: 'The robots remain energy-intensive and unreliable outside controlled demonstrations. Battlefield environments pose many variables and challenge robots' abilities in unpredictable ways.'

Explanation

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1992 added Part IX to the Constitution, providing constitutional status to panchayats. The 74th Amendment deals with municipalities, the 86th with Right to Education, and the 42nd with fundamental duties and other changes.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: Bela Gram Panchayat achieved net-zero status. Statement 2 is incorrect: PESA applies only to Scheduled Areas, not all panchayats. Statement 3 is correct: the Eleventh Schedule lists agriculture, land improvement, soil conservation, etc. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Bela Gram Panchayat planted more than 90,000 trees. The other options are plausible distractors but not mentioned.

Explanation

The article argues that climate action does not require a separate planning structure; integrating it into GPDP allows panchayats to use existing schemes and financial resources while ensuring development decisions are climate-responsive. Options B, C, and D are contrary to the article's emphasis on decentralization and community participation.

Explanation

The judgment was delivered by Justice Amitendra Kishore Prasad of the Chhattisgarh High Court, as explicitly mentioned in the article. The other high courts are not involved in this case.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct because the HC held that the religious body had no legal authority. Statement 2 is incorrect as the HC explicitly left the constitutional validity of Talaq-e-Hasan open (pending before SC). Statement 3 is correct because the HC stated the communication could be treated only as a 'religious opinion'. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states that the woman challenged the 'January 18, 2022, order of the Idara-E-Shariya Islami Court'. September 7, 2026 is the date of the HC judgment. August/September/October 2021 are the months when the husband pronounced Talaq-e-Hasan. Hence B is correct.

Explanation

The HC explicitly stated that the communication from the Shariyat Court could, at most, be treated as a 'religious opinion' and could not legally dissolve the marriage or alter any legal rights. This reinforces the principle that only courts established under the Constitution can determine legal status.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that DFCCIL was set up as a special purpose vehicle for construction, operation and maintenance of the corridors. It is the implementing body for both WDFC and EDFC.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the WDFC runs from JNPT to Dadri. Statement 2 is incorrect because the EDFC was fully commissioned in October 2023, not 2026. Statement 3 is correct as the EDFC has a 936-km electrified double-line segment and a 401-km electrified single-track segment.

Explanation

The article states that completion of the last three sections marks completion of the 1,506-km WDFC. 1,337 km is the EDFC length, 2,843 km is the combined DFC network, and 1,670 million tonnes is the record freight loading figure.

Explanation

The article says DFCs were conceptualised because existing trunk routes had line capacity utilisation of 115–150%, causing a dip in freight traffic. Separation from the passenger network gives reduced transit time, less cost and last-mile connectivity at certain places.

Explanation

The article states that official spokesperson for Ministry of External Affairs, Randhir Jaiswal, gave information at a press conference. This is a standard practice for diplomatic and border-related communications.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: the talks took place at Wacha (India) and Damai (China) in the eastern sector. Statement 2 is incorrect: the mechanism has existed since 2020, not 2019. Statement 3 is correct: the article mentions understandings in August 2025 and August 2026.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that India and China have held 23 rounds of Corps Commander-level meetings at the Chushul-Moldo border meeting point in eastern Ladakh since 2020. The other options are close distractors.

Explanation

The article states that the mechanism exists to 'resolve the military standoff between India and China along the LAC'. While demarcation is a long-term goal, the immediate objective is de-escalation and preventing escalation. The other options are not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Japan Credit Rating Agency (JCRA) upgraded India's rating to 'A-'. Other agencies like Moody's, S&P, and Fitch are not mentioned in the context of this upgrade.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article mentions upgrade from 'BBB+' to 'A-'. Statement 2 is correct: it is the first 'A' rating since early 1988. Statement 3 is incorrect because the article cites high growth, growth-oriented policies, and improved financial system strength, not inflation.

Explanation

The article clearly states that JCRA upgraded India's rating to 'A-' from the previous 'BBB+'. Options A, C, and D are distractors; 'BBB' is a different rating, and 'A' or 'A-' are not the previous rating.

Explanation

A higher credit rating reduces the risk premium demanded by investors, thereby lowering the interest rates at which the government can borrow. This saves taxpayer money. Options A, C, and D are opposite or unrelated effects.

Explanation

The article directly states that U.S. Ambassador to Israel, Mike Huckabee, called the move an 'irrational action' in a BBC Radio 4 interview and accused the British government of 'Jew hate'.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: The United States did not join the ban; instead, the U.S. ambassador criticized the move. Statement 2 is correct: Ed Miliband stated that sanctions would include construction, infrastructure financing and real estate companies. Statement 3 is correct: The UK government said the move is to keep alive the possibility of a two-state solution. Hence option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states: 'Only a small proportion of the $8.12 billion in bilateral trade between the U.K. and Israel originates in the West Bank'. Hence $8.12 billion is correct.

Explanation

The UK government explicitly stated that the move is to keep alive the possibility of a 'two State solution'. While reducing settler violence is a related concern, the primary stated objective is supporting the two-state solution. The US did not join the ban, so alignment with US policy is not correct.