10 March 2026, Questions & Answers

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Union Parliamentary Affairs Minister Kiren Rijiju has spoken to Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge regarding amending the Act. This ministry handles parliamentary procedures and inter-party coordination.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The Act stipulated implementation after the first Census post-commencement and subsequent delimitation. Statement 2 is correct: The Act reserves 33% (one-third) seats in the Lok Sabha and State Assemblies. Statement 3 is correct: The article mentions the government is considering a lottery system to decide the reserved constituencies.

Explanation

The article repeatedly mentions that the Women's Reservation Act, 2023 (Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam) reserves 33% of the seats for women. This is equivalent to one-third of the total seats.

Explanation

The core proposal in the article is to delink the Act's implementation from the Census and delimitation exercises, which were causing an indefinite delay. The amendment aims to fast-track the reservation, potentially by 2027, using methods like a lottery system.

Explanation

Article 280 of the Constitution mandates the President to constitute a Finance Commission every five years. Article 270 deals with taxes levied and collected by the Union but assigned to States, Article 275 deals with grants-in-aid, and Article 281 relates to the presentation of the Commission's recommendations to Parliament.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per Article 280. Statement 2 is incorrect; the recommendations of the Finance Commission are not binding on the government, though they are usually accepted. Statement 3 is incorrect; while the 16th FC introduced 'Contribution to GDP', the article states its weight is 10%, not 15%.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the 16th Finance Commission assigned a 42.5% weight to 'Income distance' to promote fiscal equity. This remains the most significant criterion in the horizontal devolution formula.

Explanation

The article highlights that the 16th Finance Commission discontinued general revenue deficit grants. Instead, it recommends grants, particularly for local bodies, divided into basic and performance-linked components, with release dependent on conditions like audited accounts. This represents a shift towards incentivizing fiscal discipline.

Explanation

Article 324(5) of the Constitution explicitly states that the Chief Election Commissioner shall not be removed from office except in like manner and on the like grounds as a Judge of the Supreme Court.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per Section 3 of the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968. Statement 2 is correct as per Article 124(4). Statement 3 is correct as per the same Act, which outlines the composition of the investigating committee.

Explanation

Section 3 of the Judges (Inquiry) Act, 1968 specifies that a motion for presenting an address to the President for removal of a judge must be signed by at least 50 members in the case of the Rajya Sabha.

Explanation

The high threshold (special majority parliamentary address) for removal, mirroring that of a Supreme Court Judge, is a constitutional safeguard designed to protect the Election Commission from arbitrary removal and ensure its functional independence, which is crucial for free and fair elections.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions a 'strengthened role for ICMR in disease surveillance' as part of the institutional expansion to fight encephalitis. NCDC, WHO, and NIV, while relevant to public health, are not the body specified in this context.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states deaths plummeted to 0 in 2024. Statement 2 is incorrect because the strategy was comprehensive, addressing sanitation, water, and nutrition, not solely medical interventions. Statement 3 is correct as building toilets under Swachh Bharat and clean water connections under Jal Jeevan were highlighted as significant breakthroughs.

Explanation

The article provides the specific data point that Uttar Pradesh moved from 'over 5,400 cases and 650 deaths in 2017'. The other options are plausible distractors but do not match the exact figure mentioned.

Explanation

The article concludes that the success was made possible by 'Centre–state synergy, structural reforms, and political will that prioritised mission-mode execution with accountability,' creating an example of cooperative federalism. The other options contradict the article's emphasis on integrated public efforts and the role of central schemes.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar made the suo motu statement in Rajya Sabha. The Ministry of External Affairs is the nodal body for foreign policy statements.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's data on oil dependency and Hormuz transit. Statement 2 is incorrect—the article notes India 'steered clear of explicitly condemning any side'. Statement 3 is correct as mentioned regarding the Indian Navy's response to IRIS Dena sinking.

Explanation

The article specifically states 'more than 80% of LPG imports pass through the Strait of Hormuz'. The other options are close distractors based on other percentages mentioned (around half for crude/LNG).

Explanation

The article highlights India's high stakes: energy security (88% oil import dependency), shipping lanes, and nearly 1 crore Indian citizens in the Gulf. These strategic interests necessitate a balanced, diplomatic approach avoiding explicit condemnation to maintain relations with all actors.

Explanation

The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) is the nodal agency responsible for conducting India's foreign relations and diplomatic efforts. The article's call for a 'recalibration' of India's stance directly falls under the MEA's mandate to safeguard national interests abroad.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The article states 50% of India's crude oil imports come from West Asia. Statement 2 is incorrect: The article specifies the increase is $13-14 billion, not $20-22 billion. Statement 3 is correct: The article mentions remittances contribute 3.4% to GDP. Hence, option C is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that 'over 90% of LPG imports come from West Asia'. This highlights a critical vulnerability in India's energy supply chain, making it a key data point for exams.

Explanation

The article lists Iran's support through discounted oil, the Chabahar port (a counter to Gwadar), a base for operations against Pakistan, and links to Afghanistan/Central Asia as key strategic assets. Alienating Iran risks losing these advantages, which is the core strategic concern presented.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that statutory bodies with no criminal jurisdiction, like the NHRC, must forward their LOC requests to the 'law enforcement agency concerned' who are authorized to open the LOC. This includes agencies like the police, CBI, or NIA.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article lists NCW among statutory bodies barred from direct LOC requests. Statement 2 is correct as the article specifies that intelligence agencies like IB may use 'see remarks' only for counter-terrorism. Statement 3 is incorrect; the article states that even if immigration gets a court order directly, they must inform the originator and wait for the system to be updated before permitting departure.

Explanation

The article clearly states: "The originator is required to respond 'without delay', and no later than seven working days from receipt." The other options are plausible distractors but not the specified deadline.

Explanation

The core reason, as inferred from the article's emphasis on 'bodies with no criminal jurisdiction', is to introduce a procedural safeguard. Law enforcement agencies (police, CBI, NIA) have the mandate and expertise to assess if a situation warrants the serious step of restricting movement via an LOC, which bodies with primarily recommendatory powers (like NHRC/NCW) lack.

Explanation

The M S Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF), established by renowned agricultural scientist M.S. Swaminathan, is dedicated to leveraging science and technology for sustainable agriculture and the welfare of farmers, particularly smallholders and women.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states women contribute close to half of crop production. Statement 2 is incorrect because women own only about 13-14% of operational landholdings, not more than 30%. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions women are around 15-20% less likely to own a smartphone and significantly less likely to use mobile internet.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that India's dairy sector is valued at over $150 billion. This sector's reliance on women's labour makes the potential productivity gains from AI (like predictive veterinary alerts) highly significant for rural incomes.

Explanation

The article warns that most digitized agricultural data focuses on male-dominated cereals (wheat/rice). If AI models are trained on this skewed data, they may become biased and provide ineffective advisories for sectors where women play a larger role, such as millets, pulses, and horticulture.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that under the Vatsalya scheme, the Sikkim government offered financial assistance for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment to couples unable to conceive naturally.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article mentions maternity leave was extended to one year and paternity leave was introduced in Sikkim. Statement 2 is incorrect because Andhra Pradesh's proposed incentive of ₹25,000 is for couples having a second or third child, not just the third. Statement 3 is correct as per the article's mention of Hungary's experience.

Explanation

The article clearly states that Sikkim has the lowest fertility rate in India, about 1.1 children per woman. Andhra Pradesh's TFR is about 1.4, as mentioned elsewhere.

Explanation

The article's core argument, supported by examples from Sikkim, Singapore, and South Korea, is that fertility decisions are influenced by structural factors like women's education, career, urban costs, and childcare accessibility, limiting the impact of financial incentives.

Explanation

The article states the project is under the Directorate of Construction Services and Estate Management of the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). This information was accessed via an RTI reply from this directorate.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article mentions "Centre’s financial approval of Rs 2,300 crore for LIGO-India was given in April 2023". Statement 2 is incorrect because the tender, while its financial bid was opened in January 2026, has NOT been awarded yet. Statement 3 is correct as the location is clearly stated as Maharashtra’s Hingoli district.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions, "the project is set to be completed by its original deadline of 2030," as stated by the Directorate of Construction Services and Estate Management in its RTI reply.

Explanation

The 'Explained' section of the article states: "The ability to detect gravitational waves gives scientists a new vision to track cosmic events that light or other electromagnetic waves are not able to capture." This is the core scientific application of LIGO.

Explanation

In the address, PM Modi explicitly stated, "The new National Education Policy (NEP) provides the foundation for a curriculum that must stay aligned with market demands and the real-world economy." NEP 2020 is the current overarching education policy framework of India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the PM said, "We will have to accelerate the process of linking our education system with the real world economy." Statement 2 is correct as he highlighted the promotion of the 'Animation, Visual Effects, Gaming and Comics (AVGC) sector'. Statement 3 is incorrect because the policy mentioned is the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, not NEP 2023.

Explanation

In the article, PM Modi explicitly stated, "another important sector is STEM: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics." AVGC refers to Animation, Visual Effects, Gaming, Comics. NEP is National Education Policy. CEPA is a trade agreement term not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

PM Modi urged stakeholders to brainstorm on "developing your campuses as centres of industry collaboration and research-driven learning to provide students with essential real world exposure." This directly aims to bridge the gap between academia and the practical demands of the economy.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions that the Bombay High Court, comprising Justices Manish Pitale and Shreeram V Shirsat, upheld the conviction and life sentence.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the Court termed it 'far-fetched' that a daughter would falsely accuse her father of rape out of anger. Statement 2 is incorrect as the Court stated that in the face of credible documentary evidence (school records), there was NO necessity for medical tests. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the father was convicted under IPC Section 376(2)(f) for being in a position of trust.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'The appellant has been convicted and sentenced under section 376(2)(f) of the IPC. The said provision pertains to an accused who, being a relative, guardian or teacher or a person in a position of trust or authority towards the woman, commits rape on such a woman.'

Explanation

The article details the Court's observation that 'School records and documentary evidence have to be given primacy, and in the face of such credible material being available, there was no necessity to undertake any medical or ossification test.' This establishes a crucial evidentiary principle for POCSO cases.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that roughly 38% of India's remittance inflows originate from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies. The GCC is a political and economic union of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article states the Strait of Hormuz carries roughly one-fifth (not one-third) of globally traded oil and LNG. Statement 3 is also incorrect; the article states a $10 increase widens India's CAD by around 0.3% of GDP, not 0.5%.

Explanation

The article clearly states that 'India sources more than 85 per cent of its crude oil from Gulf countries.' This high dependency is a central point of vulnerability discussed in the analysis.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions that for export-oriented economies like Bangladesh, where the ready-made garment sector accounts for over 80% of export earnings, 'competitiveness could erode as freight costs rise and transit times lengthen' due to disruptions in routes like the Red Sea and Suez Canal.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions an ongoing study run by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) that tracks the improving accuracy of face-scanning software for age estimation. NIST is a non-regulatory agency under the Department of Commerce focused on measurement science.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The article states the NIST study found the average error had dropped to 2.5 years currently. Statement 2 is incorrect: Yoti and Persona are vendors that use automated tools like face scans and machine-based ID analysis, not just traditional methods. Statement 3 is correct: The article quotes an executive saying on-device processing is less likely to catch attempts by youngsters to appear older using tricks like makeup or masks.

Explanation

The article provides a specific data point: "Meta said it took down about 550,000 Instagram, Facebook and Threads accounts suspected to be underage in the first weeks of the Australian ban." Snapchat's figure of 415,000 is a close distractor.

Explanation

The article quotes Iain Corby of the Age Verification Providers Association stating, "They are extremely worried this is going to be contagious and be a policy that is adopted around the world, so they are not really motivated for it to be a glowing success." This directly points to the fear of global policy contagion as a key reason for resistance.

Explanation

The Information Technology Act, 2000, and the rules framed under it, including the Intermediary Guidelines, are administered by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because the Supreme Court specifically refused to stay the Bombay High Court order. Statement 2 is correct as Kunal Kamra was the petitioner. Statement 3 is incorrect; the Solicitor General explicitly stated there was 'no intention... to curb any humour, satire... or critical expression'.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions that the Supreme Court issued notice on an appeal challenging the 'September 26, 2024, high court order'. This is the date of the Bombay High Court verdict.

Explanation

CJI Surya Kant remarked, 'Shifting the entire onus on the machinery without putting any obligation on those who play all this mischief is something that requires consideration'. This highlights the concern about an unbalanced regulatory approach.

Explanation

Article 44 of the Constitution, under Part IV (Directive Principles of State Policy), states that 'The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.' The Supreme Court's remarks in the news directly reference this principle.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect as the petition challenged the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937. Statement 2 is incorrect as the Court said a Uniform Civil Code (UCC), not striking down the law, is the 'most effective answer'. Statement 3 is correct as Justice Mahadevan referred to the UCC brought by the Uttarakhand government in 2024.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the plea challenged provisions of the Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Application Act, 1937, which the petitioners argued discriminated against Muslim women in matters of succession. The other Acts are related but not the subject of this specific petition.

Explanation

The CJI and Justice Bagchi repeatedly questioned what would fill the void if the 1937 Act was struck down, arguing it might deprive individuals of existing rights. This concern for creating a 'vacuum' led the Court to suggest legislative action via a UCC as a more prudent solution.

Explanation

The Supreme Court's directive is for the Centre (the Union Government) to frame the policy. Matters related to vaccines, immunization, and public health fall squarely under the domain of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The Supreme Court rejected the prayer for a separate expert body. Statement 2 is correct as the Court directed that the existing mechanism for monitoring AEFI continue and data be made public, referencing the May 2, 2022 order. Statement 3 is correct as per the article.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the Court referenced its previous order from May 2, 2022, in the case of Jacob Puliyel vs Union of India. The other dates are distractors.

Explanation

The core of a 'no-fault' compensation policy is that individuals who suffer serious adverse effects can claim compensation without the legal hurdle of establishing fault, negligence, or liability on the part of the authorities or manufacturers, as highlighted in the article.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the e-AMRIT portal was developed by NITI Aayog. It is a web portal providing information on EV adoption, policies, and subsidies, launched at the COP26 Summit in Glasgow.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per NITI Aayog's description on the e-Amrit portal. Statement 2 is incorrect; the IEMI scores are updated annually, reflecting the results of quarterly assessments. Statement 3 is correct as PM E-Drive was launched on October 1, 2024, to replace FAME and the EMPS scheme.

Explanation

The article specifically states that the PM e-Bus Sewa-PSM scheme was approved with an outlay of Rs. 3,435.33 crore. This scheme aims to support the deployment of over 38,000 electric buses in the country.

Explanation

While the article does not state the rationale explicitly, it is inferable from the context of promoting electric mobility. Extending benefits to HEVs and PHEVs, which are less efficient than BEVs but more than conventional cars, helps consumers transition by mitigating concerns about charging infrastructure and driving range, thereby accelerating overall EV adoption.

Explanation

The National Medical Commission (NMC) Act, 2019 replaced the Medical Council of India. The article explicitly states that the seat approval data was shared by the NMC, which processes applications through its Medical Assessment and Rating Board (MARB).

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: Colleges increased from 387 (2014) to 818 (present), which is more than double. Statement 2 is incorrect: The funding pattern is 90:10 for NE/special category states and 60:40 for others, not uniform. Statement 3 is correct: The article mentions MARB may use 'surprise physical inspections' among other methods.

Explanation

The article states that PG seats increased from 31,185 in 2014 to 85,020 at present. Option A (31,185) is the 2014 figure, Option B (51,348) is the 2014 MBBS seat count, and Option D (1,28,976) is the present MBBS seat count.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the scheme aims at 'establishing new medical colleges attached to existing district or referral hospitals, aimed particularly at underserved regions and aspirational districts.' This links education with public health service delivery in areas that need it most.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Oversight Board's recommendations echoed certain provisions of 'India’s recently notified rules governing the creation and dissemination of AI generated content online', specifically referring to the 'IT Rules amendments related to synthetically generated information (SGI)' that went into effect from February 20, 2026.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states the Board is 'funded by Meta but operates independently'. Statement 2 is correct as per the article: 'the Oversight Board’s decisions related to content on Meta’s platforms are binding'. Statement 3 is incorrect; the article mentions that 'some Board members recommended that posts with High Risk AI labels must be subsequently demoted or taken down', but this was not a blanket recommendation for all AI content, and the Board also cautioned against restricting freedom of expression.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'The IT Rules amendments related to synthetically generated information (SGI), that went into effect from February 20, 2026'. March 10, 2026 is the date of the Oversight Board ruling. February 28, 2026 is mentioned as the start date of the US-Israel war on Iran. June 2025 is the time of the referenced Israel-Iran war.

Explanation

The article states the Board 'sharply criticised Meta’s current labelling mechanisms as "neither robust nor comprehensive enough" to address the scale and velocity of AI-generated content, particularly during a crisis or conflict.' The other options are not supported: the Board asked for more investment in detection tools, not less; it did not mention a complete ban; and it discussed signals from external partners, not sole reliance on government agencies.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Forest Survey of India (FSI) is the central government organization that was responsible for issuing the fortnightly deforestation alerts through the Anavaran system. The FSI operates under the MoEFCC but is the specific nodal body for this task.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the Anavaran system uses Sentinel satellite data at 10-20 metre resolution, while 250m is the resolution of the 'Terra-I' system used in Latin America. Statement 3 is incorrect; the early summer is due to a LACK of Western Disturbances and dry winter, not an excess.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the government has raised the minimum waiting period for booking an LPG cylinder to 25 days from 21 days to avoid hoarding and black marketing. The other options are plausible distractors based on common policy durations.

Explanation

The article repeatedly links the LPG shortage to the conflict in West Asia (Iran), which has led to the effective suspension of tanker movements through the critical Strait of Hormuz, a chokepoint for over 80% of India's LPG imports. The other options are secondary or incorrect factors.

Explanation

Article 324 of the Constitution vests the superintendence, direction, and control of elections in the Election Commission of India. Article 326 deals with elections on the basis of adult suffrage, Article 329 bars interference by courts in electoral matters, and Article 352 pertains to the proclamation of Emergency.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the CEC announced 100% webcasting across approximately 80,000 polling stations. Statement 2 is correct as the article mentions the final list came out on February 28. Statement 3 is incorrect because the adjudication is being done by 'learned judicial officers' appointed under Supreme Court orders, not by the state executive.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that West Bengal would see 100% webcasting across its 'approximately 80,000 polling stations'. The other numbers are close distractors.

Explanation

In the press conference, CEC Gyanesh Kumar stated that judicial officers are taking decisions on the eligibility of electors 'in line with Article 326'. Article 326 provides for elections on the basis of adult suffrage. While Article 324 deals with the ECI's powers, the specific reference for voter eligibility is Article 326.

Explanation

The subject 'Transport' is included in the Concurrent List (List III, Entry 35). This allows both the Union Parliament and State Legislatures to make laws on this subject. The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, is a central law under this entry, and states can frame rules under it, as Uttar Pradesh has done.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article specifies the ₹5 lakh fee is for companies operating '50-100 or more vehicles', implying a tiered structure. Statement 3 is correct as mentioned by the Transport Minister.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'The application fee will be Rs 25,000'. ₹5,000 is the renewal fee, ₹5 lakh is the licensing fee for large operators, and ₹1 lakh is not mentioned.

Explanation

The Transport Minister stated the proposal was approved 'keeping in mind the safety and convenience of passengers'. While revenue generation is a by-product, it is not cited as the primary objective. The article does not mention a Supreme Court directive or an intent to specifically target foreign companies.

Explanation

The Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB) is a statutory body created under Section 79 of the Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966. This act reorganized the former state of Punjab into Punjab, Haryana, and the Union Territory of Chandigarh.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: The challenge was filed in the Punjab and Haryana High Court, not the Supreme Court. Statement 2 is correct as per the article: "BBMB can only carry out administration, maintenance and operation. It cannot decide the share of water..." Statement 3 is correct: BBMB's senior counsel argued that the petition "effectively sought to reopen issues that had already been adjudicated."

Explanation

The article explicitly states: "According to Punjab, the decisions were reflected in the minutes of meetings held last year, dated April 23, April 30, and May 3..." The other options are close distractors with incorrect dates.

Explanation

The central argument, as stated by Punjab's Advocate General, is that "BBMB can only carry out administration, maintenance and operation. It cannot decide the share of water between states" and that the directions were issued "without jurisdiction and beyond the statutory framework." The other options represent potential angles but are not the primary argument cited in the article.

Explanation

The Punjab and Haryana High Court's judgment explicitly cited Article 21 of the Constitution, which guarantees the right to life and personal liberty. The court expanded its scope to include the right to live a dignified life, which would be violated by denying a family pension.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect as the court ruled that 'karewa' marriage is NOT equivalent to remarriage as envisaged by service rules. Statement 2 is correct; the judgment did cite DK Nakara v. Union of India. Statement 3 is incorrect; while the court linked denial of pension to a violation of the right to a dignified life under Article 21, it did not declare family pension itself as a fundamental right.

Explanation

The article states that the High Court said on 'March 7'. The published date of the article is March 10, 2026, confirming the judgment was delivered on March 7, 2026.

Explanation

The court's order explicitly stated that 'karewa' marriages serve a social purpose by assisting in the social and financial rehabilitation of widows and their children, while also preserving family ties and dignity.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the order was issued by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MoPNG) to manage the natural gas supply shortage. This ministry is the nodal body for policies related to petroleum, natural gas, and refineries in India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states the top priority (100%) includes domestic PNG and CNG. Statement 2 is incorrect; fertilizer units receive 70%, not 80%. Statement 3 is correct as mentioned that refinery gas supply is cut to 65%. Hence, option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states: "volumes coming via the Strait account for roughly 30% of India’s overall gas consumption." The 50% figure refers to India's overall LNG import dependency, and 80% refers to the share of LPG imports coming via the Strait.

Explanation

The article clearly states that due to the halt in LNG shipments through the Strait of Hormuz, the government invoked the Essential Commodities Act to divert natural gas to 'priority sectors' like household PNG, CNG, and LPG production, managing the acute shortage. The other options are not mentioned as objectives.

Explanation

The article states that GPRA accommodations are under the administrative control of the Directorate of Estates in Delhi. The Directorate of Estates is a part of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, which is responsible for housing and urban development policies.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the project is implemented by two agencies: NBCC India Limited (for Sarojini Nagar, Netaji Nagar, Nauroji Nagar) and the Central Public Works Department (for Kasturba Nagar, Thyagraj Nagar, Srinivaspuri, Mohammadpur). Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the self-financing model where commercial space is monetized.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the overall project cost is estimated at around ₹32,000 crore. The other figures are plausible distractors but not mentioned.

Explanation

The article describes a self-financing model where commercial space developed in parts of the project (particularly along major corridors) is monetized to finance the housing construction. This is intended to reduce the burden on the government budget.

Explanation

Article 22(1) specifically states that no person who is arrested shall be detained in custody without being informed of the grounds for such arrest. This is the direct constitutional source for this right, as reiterated in the Kerala HC judgment.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The court held grounds must be communicated in writing within a reasonable time and at least two hours BEFORE remand, not before arrest. Statement 2 is correct as per the article. Statement 3 is incorrect; the court explicitly stated that filing of a chargesheet and cognisance cannot validate an unconstitutional arrest.

Explanation

The judgment clearly states that the grounds must be communicated in writing within a reasonable time and, in any case, at least two hours before the production of the arrestee before the Magistrate for remand proceedings. This is a concrete procedural safeguard.

Explanation

The article quotes Senior Advocate Vikas Pahwa stating this safeguard is "not a mere formality but a substantive protection against arbitrary arrest." The HC also linked it to the fundamental rights under Articles 21 and 22, highlighting its role in protecting personal liberty from state overreach.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Jal Shakti Ministry is the nodal ministry responsible for implementing JJM. This ministry was formed in 2019 to manage the country's water resources and related schemes.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because the approved allocation of ₹1.51 lakh crore is lower than the Jal Shakti Ministry's demand of ₹2.79 lakh crore. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions action against 596 officials, 822 contractors, and 152 Third Party Inspection Agencies.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the Union Cabinet approved an allocation of ₹1.51 lakh crore for the JJM extension. ₹2.79 lakh crore was the amount sought by the Jal Shakti Ministry. ₹67,000 crore and ₹17,000 crore were figures related to the budget for the 2025-26 financial year.

Explanation

The article states that the Ministry of Finance rejected the higher demand of ₹2.79 lakh crore 'amid concerns about irregularities in the implementation of the rural tap water scheme.' This directly links the lower approved allocation to governance and implementation issues.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that NavIC was developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). DRDO handles defence research, C-DOT focuses on telecom, and NTRO is a technical intelligence agency.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: It describes GPS jamming, not spoofing. Jamming uses noise to overpower the signal. Statement 2 is incorrect: It describes GPS spoofing, not jamming. Spoofing provides false location data. Statement 3 is correct as per the article, which cites Windward's data.

Explanation

The article states that the government informed the Lok Sabha last year about 'around 465 incidents of GPS interference' reported in India's border regions, mostly in Amritsar and Jammu, during that period.

Explanation

The article mentions that shipping companies use multi-constellation GNSS (like GPS, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou, NavIC) 'to mitigate against GPS interference.' The core idea is to avoid reliance on one vulnerable system, thereby increasing overall navigation resilience.