2 March 2026, Questions & Answers

Explanation

Article 280 of the Constitution provides for the establishment of a Finance Commission every five years or earlier. Its primary function is to make recommendations on the distribution of net tax proceeds between the Union and the States.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The reduction from 42% to 41% happened due to the change in Jammu & Kashmir's status, not a recommendation of the 16th FC. The 16th FC retained the share at 41%. Statements 2 and 3 are correct as per the article, which mentions the 'grand bargain' proposal and the dropping of the tax effort criterion.

Explanation

The Sixteenth Finance Commission retained the States' share at 41%. This was initially raised to 42% by the 14th Finance Commission and later became 41% after Jammu & Kashmir's reorganization. The other options are distractors: 32% was the share before the 14th FC, 42% was the 14th FC's recommendation, and 35.6% was the average effective transfer percentage during the 14th FC period.

Explanation

The article criticizes the Commission for not fulfilling its constitutional duty under Articles 270 and 280 by objectively determining the shareable pool. It states the Commission should have at least pointed out that the steep increase in cesses and surcharges was 'not warranted and not in the spirit of the Constitution.'

Explanation

The article mentions that the Supreme Court issued notice to the Bar Council of India. The Bar Council of India is the statutory body established under the Advocates Act, 1961, responsible for regulating legal education and the professional conduct of advocates.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect as the SC declared it 'misconduct', not just an error. Statement 2 is correct as the article states 'Issue notice, returnable on March 10, 2026' and 'Issue notice to the Attorney General, Solicitor General...'. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the High Court dismissed the petition while acknowledging the case laws were AI-generated.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'Justices PS Narasimha and Alok Aradhe made the observation on February 27' and refers to 'an order dated February 27'. March 02 is the publication date, and March 10 is the next hearing date.

Explanation

The core holding of the Supreme Court, as per the article, is the declaration that 'a decision based on such non-existent and fake alleged judgments is not an error in the decision making. It would be a misconduct and legal consequence shall follow.' This reclassifies the nature of the lapse, attaching greater accountability.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow channel linking the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. It is a critical global oil transit route, a fact highlighted in the article when Iran halted oil tanker traffic there.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The article states the US's new 'casus belli' was the need to aid regime change. Statement 2 is correct: Oman's Foreign Minister revealed Iran agreed to down-blend its 60% enriched stockpile and allow US inspectors access. Statement 3 is incorrect: The article argues the regime will survive with new leadership, representing change 'within' the system, not its collapse.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Iran's announcement of a halt to oil tankers passing through the Strait of Hormuz 'brings 20% of global oil trade to a halt'. This is a key factual data point regarding the strategic importance of the waterway.

Explanation

The article's core analysis centers on the concept of a 'commitment trap'. It explains that even though Iran agreed to unprecedented terms, the military buildup meant President Trump 'could not save face' with just a deal, forcing an attack. This is distinct from the other options, which are either incorrect or not the primary reason given.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the US-Iran nuclear negotiations were 'mediated by Oman' in Geneva. This is a key factual detail from the news.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article mentions the US codename was 'Operation Epic Fury'. Statement 2 is incorrect; the leader killed was the Supreme Leader (Ayatollah Ali Khamenei), not the President. Khamenei was President from 1981-1989, but became Supreme Leader in 1989. Statement 3 is correct as the article specifically mentions India's concern for 'nearly 10 million members of the diaspora'.

Explanation

The article directly states: 'The safety of nearly 10 million members of the diaspora...' This is a precise data point to remember for fact-based questions.

Explanation

The article concludes by stating: 'Just as the violent birth of the Islamic Republic in 1979 transformed India’s regional environment, its potential collapse could be equally consequential.' This highlights the profound geopolitical impact such an event would have on India's strategic landscape.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Oman broke precedent by making public the details of the US-Iran negotiations on February 28. Oman has historically played a role as a neutral mediator in regional conflicts.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article confirms the assassination of Ali Khamenei and other officials. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article states Iran could NOT afford to replicate its June 2025 symbolic strategy and instead launched massive retaliation. Statement 3 is correct as the IRGC announced a halt to oil tankers passing through the Strait of Hormuz.

Explanation

The article specifically states that the halt to oil tankers passing through the Strait of Hormuz affects 20% of global oil trade. This is a critical data point for understanding the economic impact of the conflict.

Explanation

The article states Iran's actions reflect a 'desire to impose costs not only on the US and Israel, but also on Washington's regional allies.' This strategy aims to pressure Gulf countries hosting US bases by making the conflict economically painful for them, thereby testing their commitment to the US alliance.

Explanation

As mentioned in the article, the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) heard the appeal against the CCI's order on WhatsApp. NCLAT is the appellate authority for orders passed by the CCI under the Competition Act, 2002.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states the DPDP Act was enacted 'nearly three decades after the internet became mainstream here'. Statement 2 is correct as the article mentions the Act 'changes the Right to Information (RTI) Act by removing the "public interest" safeguard'. Statement 3 is correct as the article notes 'worries about sweeping discretionary powers the government now holds' and that 'Government agencies can be exempted from rules that apply to everyone else'.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Competition Commission of India (CCI) 'imposed a Rs 213.14 crore penalty' on WhatsApp. This is a specific, factual data point from the news.

Explanation

The article highlights that a major concern about the DPDP Act is its impact on the RTI Act. It specifically states the law 'changes the Right to Information (RTI) Act by removing the "public interest" safeguard', making it harder to access personal information of officials even when it serves the public interest, such as in exposing corruption.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the 1953 coup was 'backed by the CIA and its British counterpart, MI6'. The CIA is the primary foreign intelligence and covert action agency of the United States.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: 'It recognized the newly formed state of Israel, making it the second Muslim nation (after Turkey) to do so.' Statement 2 is incorrect because the article states the coup was 'backed by the CIA and its British counterpart, MI6', implying joint involvement. Statement 3 is correct: 'the US sent troops — not as occupiers, but as logistics experts — to manage the Persian Corridor.'

Explanation

The article specifically mentions 'the 444-day hostage crisis in the US embassy in 1979'. This is a key factual detail often tested in prelims.

Explanation

The article states: 'These events led to the beginning of the anti-US sentiments among the Iranians that kept simmering until the 1979 Revolution.' The coup ended a democratic experiment and installed an autocratic Shah, which is identified as the root cause of the later revolution and hostility.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Prime Minister Narendra Modi chaired a meeting of the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) to discuss the situation following the strikes on Iran. The CCS is the apex body for security-related decision-making in India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article details the US-Israel attack and the killing of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article mentions Iran's IRGC transmitted closure messages and ships are avoiding it, but there was 'no official declaration' from Tehran. Statement 3 is correct, highlighting India's twin challenges of diaspora safety and energy security.

Explanation

The article states: 'Around half of India’s total oil imports — roughly 2.5-2.7 million barrels per day (bpd) — pass through the strait...' 'Half' or 'around half' corresponds to approximately 50%. The 60% figure refers to India's total energy imports from the region.

Explanation

The article highlights that 'energy cooperation remains a key pillar of the bilateral relationship' and specifies that a '10-year US $2 billion uranium supply deal' is likely to be signed. While other areas like AI and education are mentioned, energy cooperation is explicitly described as a 'key pillar'.

Explanation

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is the nodal agency responsible for compiling and releasing national accounts statistics, including GDP data. The article explicitly mentions MoSPI Secretary Saurabh Garg explaining the changes.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The article states the agriculture sector is estimated to be '5% larger than previously estimated'. Statement 2 is incorrect: The article says manufacturing growth averaged 11.2% in the new series, not 8% (which was the average in the old series). Statement 3 is correct: The article credits ASUSE and PLFS data for improved informal sector measurement.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'in the new series, the sector has expanded by 11.2% on average in each of the three years.' 8.0% was the average in the old series, 12.3% was the growth in 2023-24 under the old series due to base effect, and 9.2% is a distractor from the old series growth range.

Explanation

The article explains that one reason for the larger farm sector estimate is that 'the new series captures the shift to cash crops in the sector through the inclusion of more fruits and vegetables.' The other reason mentioned is reduced input costs from PM KUSUM. The other options, like MSP increase or area expansion, are not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that 'Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) transmitted messages to vessels saying that the strait had been closed.' The IRGC is a key branch of Iran's armed forces with significant political and economic power.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: 'It handles approximately one-fifth of global liquid petroleum consumption.' Statement 2 is correct: 'Around half of India’s total oil imports — roughly 2.5-2.7 million barrels per day (bpd) — pass through the strait.' Statement 3 is incorrect. The article states the opposite: 'India does not maintain strategic LPG reserves of comparable scale' and 'there are no structural buffers in place' for LNG.

Explanation

The article provides a specific data point: 'Every $1 per barrel increase in oil price could raise India’s oil import bill by $1.8-2 billion on an annualised basis.' This is a crucial figure for understanding the macroeconomic impact of oil price volatility on India's economy.

Explanation

The article quotes analyst Sumit Ritolia stating that LPG imports are the 'bigger vulnerability' for India. It explains that India imports 80–85% of its LPG, mostly via Hormuz, and unlike crude, does not maintain strategic LPG reserves of comparable scale, making it more logistically sensitive.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the National Statistics Office (NSO) released the new GDP series. The NSO, under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI), is the apex body for official statistics in India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article mentions GST figures are incorporated for quarterly estimation. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article states nominal GDP for 2024-25 is estimated to be 3.8% lower, not higher. Statement 3 is incorrect; the growth estimate for 2025-26 is revised upwards to 7.6%, not downwards to 7.4%.

Explanation

The article clearly states: "the economy is expected to grow at 7.6 per cent in 2025-26, marginally higher than the earlier estimate of 7.4 per cent." The other options are distractors: 7.4% is the old estimate, 7.8% is the Q3 growth, and 6.8% is unrelated to this projection.

Explanation

The article directly states: "in nominal terms, the size of the economy is now estimated to be 3.8 per cent lower in 2024-25. This could have some implications for meeting fiscal deficit and debt reduction targets." Since these targets are expressed as percentages of GDP, a lower GDP denominator makes achieving them harder.

Explanation

National vaccination programs, including the HPV vaccination drive, are implemented under the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP), which is overseen by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW).

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per Dr. Neerja Bhatla's explanation that the vaccine is most effective before age 15. Statement 2 is correct as the article states the US FDA has approved Gardasil 9 for individuals up to age 45. Statement 3 is incorrect because India's free drive targets girls up to age 14, not all women up to 26.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: "Modelling studies suggest that achieving 90 per cent coverage could reduce cervical cancer incidence by almost 90 per cent."

Explanation

Dr. Bhatla emphasizes that vaccinating an entire cohort of girls costs much less than treating cervical cancer patients. The article provides a specific example: vaccinating in Punjab cost ~Rs 456 per dose, compared to government treatment costs of Rs 1.5 lakh per patient.

Explanation

As per the article, the Strait of Hormuz is described as 'a narrow waterway between Iran and Oman that connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea.' This is a key geographical fact for static GK.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: 'It handles approximately one-fifth of global liquid petroleum consumption and global LNG trade.' Statement 2 is correct: 'the country imports 80–85% of its LPG needs, with the majority sourced from Gulf suppliers and almost entirely transiting Hormuz.' Statement 3 is incorrect as the article states 'India does not maintain strategic LPG reserves of comparable scale.'

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'Around 15 million barrels of crude pass through the strait every day.' This is a key data point for Prelims-style factual questions.

Explanation

Sumit Ritolia, Lead Research Analyst at Kpler, is quoted saying LPG imports are the 'bigger vulnerability' because India imports 80-85% of its LPG needs via Hormuz and, unlike crude, 'does not maintain strategic LPG reserves of comparable scale.'

Explanation

The article explicitly states the report "AI for All" was prepared by BCG and supported by Prosus under R Chandrashekhar's stewardship. NITI Aayog, WEF, and McKinsey are not mentioned in this context.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the IMF estimate is 40% for emerging economies and 60% for advanced economies. Statement 3 is correct as mentioned in the article. Hence, option C is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: "Since agriculture employs 46 per cent of India’s workforce, there is always a concern that AI applications will displace a lot of labour." The other options are close but incorrect distractors.

Explanation

The article states: "India’s comparative advantage is in finding low-cost solutions that the Global South can afford and use at a mass scale." It cites examples like UPI and Chandrayaan-3. The other options are not mentioned as India's stated advantage.

Explanation

The article mentions the RBI's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) cutting the repo rate. The MPC, constituted under the RBI Act, is the statutory body responsible for determining the policy repo rate.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: The 10-year GSec yield was around 6.7% in Jan 2025 and was still hovering just shy of 6.7% in Feb 2026, indicating no significant decline. Statement 2 is correct: Tamil Nadu's 10-year bond yield rose to 7.52%, matching AAA corporate bond yields (~7.48%). Statement 3 is incorrect: The article explicitly states that RBI's open-market operations do not involve state bonds.

Explanation

The article states that the yield on 10-year Gujarat government bonds rose from 7.02% in January 2025 to 7.38% in February 2026. Option A is a distractor (~6.7% is the GSec yield). Option B is the starting yield, and Option D is the yield for Tamil Nadu bonds.

Explanation

The article questions whether the market is now considering corporate bonds as safe as state debt, implying the additional yield (credit risk premium) investors demand for holding riskier non-sovereign bonds may have vanished. This is a core analytical point of the news.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions that the blockbuster basmati varieties were bred by IARI scientists. Dr. Ashok Kumar Singh, former director of IARI, is highlighted for developing Pusa Basmati-1509.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: India has been the top exporter since 2011-12 and its 150 MT output surpassed China's 145.28 MT in 2024-25. Statement 2 is correct: Basmati exports (5-6 MT) were less than half of non-basmati (11-14 MT) but had comparable total value ($5.8-5.9 Bn vs $4.5-6.5 Bn). Statement 3 is incorrect: The article states traditional tall varieties yield 'hardly one-tonne' per acre, while Pusa Basmati-1509 yields 2.5 tonnes.

Explanation

The article calculates that with a paddy yield of 2.5 tonnes per acre and 5 million litres water per acre, it translates to 2000 litres per kg of paddy grain. At two-thirds milling recovery, this becomes 3000 litres for every kg of milled rice.

Explanation

The article emphasizes that basmati fetches significantly higher value per kg (~Rs 90 vs ~Rs 37 for non-basmati) and consumes less water due to its monsoon-dependent cultivation cycle. This dual benefit addresses both financial sustainability for farmers and environmental sustainability by reducing 'virtual water' exports.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions Ajit Kumar Mohanty as the Chairperson of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC), which is formulating the new safety standards. While AERB is the regulator and NPCIL is the public sector operator, the AEC is the apex policy-making body under the Department of Atomic Energy.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's core news. Statement 2 is incorrect because the target mentioned is 100 GW, not 200 GW. Statement 3 is correct as the article quotes Dr. Mohanty stating that the PHWR reactors have been 'completely developed using indigenous technology'. Therefore, only statements 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation

The article states: 'Currently, the four units at Kaiga produce 880 megawatts. With the two new units, capacity will increase to 2,280 megawatts.' The other options are distractors: 880 MW is the current capacity, and 1,580 MW and 2,980 MW are not mentioned.

Explanation

The article's central theme is that the AEC is 'formulating safety standards and other rules to allow private players to produce nuclear power.' This marks a shift from the earlier model where only government and PSUs were allowed. The other options are not supported by the article's content.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the conflict has effectively closed the Strait of Hormuz, a key conduit for global energy flows. It handles one-third of global seaborne crude oil exports.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: 'Higher commodity prices... potentially forcing central banks to pause their easing cycles or even raise policy rates.' Statement 2 is incorrect; the article states that high-income Asian economies like Japan and South Korea import over 80% of their energy, not India. Statement 3 is correct: The article mentions the India-US deal on Russian oil 'now sits in limbo' due to the conflict.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'Roughly one-third of the world's seaborne crude oil exports... transit the narrow waterway.' The 20% figure pertains to global LNG shipments, and 50% is the share of India's oil imports via the strait.

Explanation

The article directly states: 'A broader or more drawn-out conflict would risk increasing the strain on emerging Asian economies that have, in past years, struggled with external debt repayment.' Higher energy import bills would worsen their trade balance and currency weakness, making debt repayment harder.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions the 'eSafety Commissioner' as the internet regulator issuing the warning and enforcing the new AI age verification rules. The eSafety Commissioner is Australia's independent online safety regulator.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because the maximum fine is A$49.5 million (not A$100 million) and the regulator may target app stores and search engines, not internet service providers. Statement 3 is incorrect; while the article says 'most large chat-based search assistants...had started rolling out' systems, the Reuters review cited found only 9 out of 50 platforms had such plans, indicating 'most' platforms overall had not complied.

Explanation

The article states: 'A week before Australia’s deadline, of the 50 most popular text-based AI products, nine had rolled out or announced plans for age assurance systems, the Reuters review found.' This is a precise data point from the source.

Explanation

The article quotes the eSafety spokesperson stating they will use powers including 'action in respect of gatekeeper services such as search engines and app stores that provide key points of access to particular services.' This 'gatekeeper' strategy is a core enforcement mechanism highlighted in the news.

Explanation

SEBI is the statutory regulator established under the SEBI Act, 1992, with the mandate to protect investors and regulate the securities market, which includes prohibiting insider trading. The article explicitly quotes the SEBI Chairperson discussing this enforcement.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because SEBI is pushing 'banks and other regulators', not only banks. Statement 2 is correct as per the regulatory data cited in the article. Statement 3 is correct as mentioned by SEBI Chairperson Pandey regarding simplifying foreign investment.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'Regulatory data shows that SEBI investigated 287 cases of alleged insider trading in the financial year 2024-25, compared to 175 cases in the prior year.' 175 is the figure for the prior year.

Explanation

The article states: 'Easing regulations for foreign investors has been seen as important at a time when portfolio and longer-term strategic investments have been weak,' citing $18bn equity outflows by FPIs in 2025 and low FDI. The reforms aim to attract foreign capital.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that official Ukrainian data was quoted by Igor Anokhin of the Washington DC-based Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS). This is a non-profit, non-partisan institution dedicated to informing the public about science and policy issues affecting international security.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article cites Ukrainian data stating Russia launched 54,538 Shahed-type UAVs in 2025. Statement 2 is incorrect because the article mentions Amy McAuliffe's observation that Iran played a central role in teaching Russia to produce these drones itself, indicating technology transfer. Statement 3 is correct as the article details the Shahed-101's range and warhead weight.

Explanation

The article states that out of the total 54,538 Shahed-type UAVs launched by Russia in 2025, approximately 32,200 were Shahed-type strike UAVs. The other options are close distractors not mentioned in the text.

Explanation

The core argument of the article is that the conflict in Iran, by consuming Tehran's drone arsenal and potentially diverting its focus, could disrupt the supply chain of Shahed drones to Russia. This disruption could dent Russia's aerial dominance in Ukraine, which has been heavily reliant on these Iranian systems.

Explanation

The article explicitly focuses on the Strait of Hormuz, describing it as a vital artery through which close to a quarter of the world's supply of oil and gas passes. This makes it the most critical chokepoint in the context of the news.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; India's dependency for crude oil (35%) was lower than for LNG (40%) in 2025. Statement 3 is incorrect; the article states Saudi Arabia can divert crude oil via pipeline, but specifically notes that for LPG and LNG, such diversion possibilities are non-existent.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'close to a quarter of the world's supply of oil and gas passes through it.' A quarter equates to 25%.

Explanation

The article directly states: 'In case of LPG and LNG even such diversion possibilities are non-existent due to the cryogenic nature of these commodities and the consequent lack of alternative pipeline routes.' This is the primary technical constraint mentioned.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that 'The 22-nation Arab League condemned the Iranian attacks'. This matches the static GK fact about the Arab League's composition and its role in Middle Eastern politics.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The article clarifies that 'Starmer said the UK will not join in strikes on Iran' but agreed to let the US use British bases. Statement 2 is correct as Russian President Putin condemned the killing as a 'cynical murder' violating 'international law'. Statement 3 is correct as China's MFA spokesperson condemned the attack as a 'grave violation of Iran's sovereignty' and urged an 'immediate stop to the military operations'.

Explanation

The article's published date is March 2, 2026, and it reports that 'On Sunday, US President Donald Trump said that “operations in Iran will continue...”' and that Khamenei 'was killed on Sunday'. Since the article is published on March 2, a Sunday, the date of the event is March 2, 2026.

Explanation

The article quotes the US President and allied statements focusing on defending interests and preventing threats. Trump stated the US is 'doing our job not just for us but for the world'. The joint statement with Gulf nations mentions defending 'citizens, sovereignty, and territory' and the 'right to self-defense'. While regime change is hinted, the primary articulated justification is preemptive/defensive action against perceived threats, aligning with the UN Charter's Article 51 principle.

Explanation

As per the article, the CBT is headed by Union Labour and Employment Minister Mansukh Mandaviya. The EPFO operates under the administrative control of the Ministry of Labour and Employment.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: The rate was recommended to be kept unchanged at 8.25%, not increased to 8.35%. Statement 2 is correct: The article states the decision was taken as there could be volatility in financial markets. Statement 3 is incorrect: The recommendation requires approval from the Ministry of Finance, not the Ministry of Labour and Employment.

Explanation

The article's headline and content clearly state that the interest rate of 8.25% was recommended for the financial year 2025-26 (FY26). The rate for 2024-25 was already 8.25%, and this is a recommendation for the next fiscal year.

Explanation

The article explicitly states, "The decision to retain the interest rate was taken as it was felt there could be volatility in financial markets." EPFO's returns are linked to government security yields and equity returns, which are subject to market fluctuations.

Explanation

As per the article, the gazette notification dated June 5, 2023, declaring banking as a Public Utility Service was issued by the Union Ministry of Labour and Employment under the Industrial Disputes Act.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect as the court observed that Article 19(1)(c) does NOT encompass a fundamental right to strike independent of statutory provisions. Statement 2 is correct as the court highlighted the deliberate use of 'any person employed' in Section 22 versus 'workmen' in Section 23. Statement 3 is correct as the article cites these exact figures from government data placed before the court.

Explanation

The article states that the court noted Gross NPAs fell sharply from 11.46% in 2018 to 2.31% in 2025. This data was part of the official figures cited to show the banking sector's improved health and its importance to the economy.

Explanation

The core legal issue was whether Section 22 applied only to 'workmen'. The court ruled that the phrase 'any person employed in a public utility service' in Section 22 intentionally has a wider scope, thus including officers and other non-workmen employees. This ensures the statutory embargo on strikes covers all staff in essential services.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions the 'UGC (Promotion of Equity in Higher Education Institutions) Regulations, 2026'. The University Grants Commission (UGC) is the statutory body responsible for coordinating and maintaining standards in university education, including framing such regulations.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's definition of PDA. Statement 2 is incorrect; the BJP's tally actually declined from 62 (2019) to 33 (2024). Statement 3 is incorrect as the article states the regulations are 'on hold following the Supreme Court’s intervention'.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'the BJP finished with 33' seats in the 2024 parliamentary polls in Uttar Pradesh. 37 seats were won by the Samajwadi Party, 62 was the BJP's tally in 2019, and 71 was its tally in 2014.

Explanation

The article states the SP's strategy is to 'pivot away from a Muslim-Yadav party by stitching up a coalition of PDA'. While targeting specific OBC sub-castes is part of it, the primary objective is broadening the coalition beyond its traditional base, as indicated by the full PDA acronym.

Explanation

EPFO is a statutory body under the administrative control of the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India. It administers the Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the jets were mistakenly shot down by Kuwaiti air defenses, not Iranian. Statement 3 is incorrect; the EPFO retained the interest rate at 8.25%, not increased it to 8.5%.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the EPFO fixed the interest rate on EPF deposits for 2025-26 at 8.25%, retaining it for the second consecutive year. The other options are close distractors.

Explanation

The article states the Supreme Court observed that a decision based on such fake judgments "would not be an error in decision making but would amount to misconduct." This sets a critical precedent for judicial ethics in the digital age, distinguishing between an honest mistake and culpable misconduct.

Explanation

The Bar Council of India is a statutory body established under Section 4 of the Advocates Act, 1961. Its functions include regulating legal education and the standards of professional conduct for advocates.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The Supreme Court specifically stated that reliance on AI-generated fake judgments is NOT an error in decision making but amounts to misconduct. Statements 2 and 3 are correct as per the article: notices were issued to the Attorney General and Solicitor General, and Senior Advocate Shyam Divan was appointed to assist the Court.

Explanation

The Supreme Court's order, dated February 27, 2026, posted the matter for the next hearing on March 10, 2026. February 27 is the order date, March 02 is the article publication date, and August 2025 is when the trial court passed its initial order.

Explanation

The Supreme Court explicitly stated that the case assumes considerable institutional concern regarding the 'process of adjudication and determination' and its 'direct bearing on the integrity of the adjudicatory process'. The core issue is maintaining trust in judicial outcomes, not speed, cost, or infrastructure.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the analysis is based on preliminary data from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. This ministry handles trade statistics, including import-export data.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the Supreme Court's decision actually left the trade deal 'in limbo' or uncertain, it did not secure it. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions Iran closed the Strait of Hormuz following the conflict.

Explanation

The article clearly states that India imported '$1.98 billion worth of crude oil from Russia in January 2026'. The other options are plausible but incorrect distractors.

Explanation

The article directly links the reduction to U.S. pressure, noting that the U.S. administration 'repeatedly linked the lowering of tariffs... and the trade deal with India’s cutting down of oil imports from Russia'. President Trump's statement on February 6 also confirmed this linkage.

Explanation

The article states that the FCDO has asked British nationals to register their presence. This department handles foreign policy and provides consular services to citizens overseas, making it the nodal body for evacuation plans.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect as PM Starmer explicitly stated, "we are not joining the strikes." Statement 2 is correct, as the decision was based on 'collective self-defence'. Statement 3 is incorrect; the article confirms the attack caused "minimal damage" and "no casualties."

Explanation

The article directly quotes PM Starmer: "We have at least 2,00,000 British citizens in the region." The other options are close distractors not mentioned in the text.

Explanation

Starmer's statement clarifies the objective is "to protect British lives and interests in West Asia" and to prevent Iran from firing missiles that risk British lives. The decision is framed as defensive, not for offensive goals like regime change or pre-emptive nuclear strikes, and is based on collective self-defence, not a specific NATO obligation.

Explanation

EPFO is a statutory body under the administrative control of the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India. It administers social security funds for organized sector workers.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the rate for 2021-22 was 8.10%, not 8.15%, and the lowest since 1977-78 was 8% (not 8.10%). Statement 3 is correct as the article states the rate is sent to the Finance Ministry for concurrence before being credited.

Explanation

The article states that in 2024, EPFO increased the interest rate to 8.25% for 2023-24, from 8.15% in 2022-23. Therefore, the rate for 2022-23 was 8.15%.

Explanation

The EPF is a crucial long-term retirement savings vehicle for over 7 crore subscribers. Retaining a stable interest rate helps in financial planning and ensures a predictable return on their forced savings, which is its primary objective.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: "The HSBC India Manufacturing PMI is compiled by S&P Global from responses to questionnaires..." This is a direct factual extraction from the provided content.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because the article states growth was supported by stronger domestic orders, and export order growth actually slowed. Statement 3 is incorrect as the article mentions cost pressures remained benign and rose at a moderate rate that matched the level seen in January, not a sharp increase.

Explanation

The article directly provides the data: "The seasonally adjusted HSBC India Manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) rose from 55.4 in January to a four-month high of 56.9 in February." 55.4 was the previous month's value, making it a close distractor.

Explanation

The article quotes HSBC's Chief India Economist: "Growth in new export orders continued its slowing trend that began in mid-2025, somewhat restricting employment creation in the manufacturing sector." This is a direct cause-and-effect relationship mentioned in the content.

Explanation

The International Solar Alliance (ISA) was jointly launched by India and France in 2015 at the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris (COP21). It is a key initiative to promote solar energy globally.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article which mentions an 'ambitious target to raise trade to $50 billion by 2030'. Statement 2 is incorrect because the new mechanism established is the 'India-Canada Defence Dialogue', not a 'Strategic and Commercial Dialogue'. Statement 3 is incorrect as the article mentions Canada joining the International Solar Alliance and the Global Biofuel Alliance, not the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure.

Explanation

PM Modi stated that 'Canada’s pension funds have invested $100 billion in India. This is a symbol of their deep belief in India’s growth story.' This is a key data point indicating strong financial linkages.

Explanation

The uranium deal is explicitly mentioned in the context of 'civil nuclear energy'. Its primary objective is to secure a long-term fuel supply for India's domestic nuclear power plants, which are part of its clean energy mix, thereby enhancing energy security.

Explanation

As per the article, the Indian government and Canada's Cameco signed the uranium supply agreement. This is a specific factual point from the news.

Explanation

Statement 1 and 2 are correct as per the article. Statement 3 is incorrect; the 2023 friction was over allegations of Indian involvement in the killing of a Sikh separatist in Canada, not a trade dispute.

Explanation

The article states that Prime Minister Narendra Modi mentioned the bilateral trade was nearly $9 billion in 2024-25. The target is to increase this to $50 billion by 2030.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that both countries look to diversify trade away from the United States due to tariff announcements. This is the primary strategic reason mentioned for the renewed partnership.

Explanation

The Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (MP-IDSA) is a premier think tank funded by the Ministry of Defence, Government of India. Its core mandate is research on defence, strategic studies, and national security, which includes maritime security as a key component.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article details cooperation with Seychelles in maritime security, climate solutions, and the blue economy. Statement 2 is incorrect because the policy launched in 2014 is the 'Act East Policy', not the 'Look East Policy' which was launched in 1992. Statement 3 is correct as the article explicitly mentions India's digital infrastructure (UPI, Aadhaar) as a model for inclusive AI governance.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: "About 80 per cent of India’s oil imports are transited through these waters." This underscores the critical economic importance of the IOR for India's energy security, making it a prime target for prelims factual questions.

Explanation

The article clearly links island diplomacy to securing sea lanes of communication, which is vital for India's trade and energy imports. It further states that such cooperation, through initiatives like MAHASAGAR, helps India present itself as a 'net security provider' in its maritime neighbourhood, countering other influences.

Explanation

The Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT) was established under Article 323-A of the Constitution, which empowers Parliament to provide for adjudication of disputes concerning recruitment and conditions of service of persons appointed to public services.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the HC invoked 'reasonable accommodation' under the RPwD Act, 2016. Statement 2 is incorrect because the HC rejected the preliminary objection regarding CAT's jurisdiction. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the Centre relied on L Chandra Kumar v. Union of India, which the HC considered before rejecting the objection.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Asha Shinde has 75 per cent permanent blindness. This qualifies as a 'benchmark disability' under the RPwD Act, which requires a minimum of 40% disability.

Explanation

The core ruling is that 'reasonable accommodation' under the RPwD Act is not a discretionary concession but a prerequisite to assessing eligibility. This means accommodations (like considering alternative qualifications) must be provided before declaring a PwD candidate ineligible, upholding substantive equality.

Explanation

As stated in the article, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) plans evacuations on a case-by-case basis and issues advisories through Indian Missions. While other ministries like Defence and Civil Aviation assist, the MEA is the nodal coordinating body.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: Operation Sindhu evacuated 4,415 Indians (3,597 from Iran and 818 from Israel). Statement 2 is incorrect: The Vande Bharat Mission was launched in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, not the Ukraine war. Statement 3 is correct: Operation Kaveri evacuated people from Sudan using 18 IAF sorties and 5 Indian Navy ship trips.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Operation Ganga brought back 18,282 Indian nationals from Ukraine. The other options are close distractors; 15,000 is the number evacuated from Libya in 2011 under Operation Safe Homecoming.

Explanation

The article highlights the 'unprecedented crisis' of evacuating an estimated 10 million Indians amid a 'web of airspace closures' as the key logistical challenge. While other factors may exist, the text emphasizes scale and access as the primary complications.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf (where major oil producers like Saudi Arabia, Iran, Qatar are located) with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. This makes it the world's most important oil transit chokepoint.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states Qatar halted LNG production. Statement 2 is incorrect; Ras Tanura is a crucial crude oil *export* terminal, not an import terminal. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions Chevron was instructed to shut down the Leviathan gas field offshore Israel, which is part of a $35 billion export deal to Egypt.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that oil prices rose by 13% to above $82 a barrel, the highest since January last year, due to the conflict putting shipping to a near halt in the Strait of Hormuz.

Explanation

The core implication is that geopolitical tensions (US-Israel-Iran conflict) directly impact the physical supply and price of energy globally. This interdependence makes energy security a critical concern for all nations, especially net importers, and underscores the need for supply diversification and strategic reserves.

Explanation

The Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India is an office under the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). The MHA notification states that the chairperson (officer not below Deputy Secretary rank) is to be nominated by this official.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the MHA notification. Statement 2 is incorrect; the chairperson must be not below the rank of Deputy Secretary, not Joint Secretary. Statement 3 is correct as the notification specifies the Post Master General or a nominated postal officer as a member.

Explanation

The article's headline and content clearly state that the Ministry of Home Affairs formed '2 more panels' or two more Empowered Committees for this purpose in West Bengal.

Explanation

The article's title and opening paragraph explicitly state that the panels are formed 'to fast-track CAA applications'. The other options describe potential administrative actions but are not the stated objective of this specific notification.

Explanation

The GCC is a regional union established in 1981 with six member states: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The article states the UAE's move is the 'strongest condemnation yet by a Gulf state', implying there have been others, not that it is the first. Statement 2 is correct as Oman's port of Duqm was targeted by drones, and Oman was the only Gulf state spared on the first day. Statement 3 is correct as the US Embassy in Manama warned citizens to steer clear of hotels like the Crowne Plaza after it was hit.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'Since Saturday (February 28, 2026) the UAE detected 165 ballistic missiles, destroying 152, and intercepted two cruise missiles.' The other options are close distractors.

Explanation

While all options are potential effects, the primary strategic implication is a dangerous escalation of conflict norms. Targeting civilian infrastructure (airports, seaports, hotels) intentionally raises the stakes, creates widespread fear, and challenges the region's perceived stability, making de-escalation harder. This is the core analytical point highlighted in the article's context.

Explanation

The article clearly states that France, Germany, and the U.K. (United Kingdom) issued the joint statement on March 1, 2026. The USA, while mentioned as requesting base access, was not a signatory to this specific trilateral statement.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the German army camp was hit in eastern Jordan, not northern Iraq, and the article mentions there were no casualties. Statement 3 is incorrect; the UK agreed to let the US use bases for 'defensive' strikes against missile depots/launchers, not 'offensive' strikes against nuclear facilities.

Explanation

The article states that Iran launched strikes 'after being hit by U.S.-Israeli missile strikes from Saturday (February 28, 2026).' This is the specific date mentioned for the initial action that triggered the crisis.

Explanation

The joint statement explicitly says the action aims 'to destroy Iran's capability to fire missiles and drones at their source.' The other options describe more extreme or unrelated military objectives not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

The Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) is a statutory body established under Section 15K of the SEBI Act, 1992. It hears appeals against orders passed by SEBI or by an adjudicating officer under the Act.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; SEBI Check is a tool within the 'UPI interface', not specifically 'BHIM UPI'. Statement 3 is incorrect; the committee is under the Chief Economic Adviser, not the Finance Minister. Hence, only statement 1 is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the pilot AI campaign with SARVAM AI reached out to about 3,85,000 people through calls. The other numbers are close but incorrect distractors.

Explanation

As per the article, SEBI Check is a tool within the UPI interface designed to help investors verify if a broker or trader is registered with SEBI before making a payment. This aims to prevent fraud by unregistered entities promising unreal gains.

Explanation

The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) is established under Article 148 of the Constitution. It is the supreme audit institution responsible for auditing all government expenditures and receipts.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The article states the 41% placement rate was for trainees in short-term training, not long-term training. Statement 2 is correct as the article mentions vouchers can provide targeted skills in AI and be used for segments like enhancing women's participation. Statement 3 is correct as the article states the RIC was recommended for the 12th Plan and is used in 90-plus countries.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the 2025 CAG report mentioned '94.5% of bank accounts were invalid'. This is a key data point highlighting a major implementation flaw in the scheme's financial disbursement mechanism.

Explanation

The core argument for skill loans is that putting purchasing power in the hands of learners (students) would lead to more choices for them, improve institutional quality through competition, and promote demand-driven skill development, thereby benefiting students from economically weaker backgrounds.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Iran started developing its missile programme during the Iran-Iraq War of the 1980s. This is a direct factual recall from the provided content.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The article clarifies that Iran has yet to possess an ICBM, and the US remains out of range. Statement 2 is correct as the article mentions Iran successfully developed the Ghaem-100 SLV. Statement 3 is correct as the article states European countries such as Britain, France and Germany fall within the range of Iran’s medium-range missiles.

Explanation

The article provides the specific data point: 'Fattah-1 and Fattah-2 solid-fuel hypersonic ballistic missiles with a strike range of upto 1,500 km.' The other options are ranges of other missiles mentioned (Shahab-3: 1,300 km; long-range: 2,000 km).

Explanation

The article directly links Iran's missile ranges to its strategic reach, stating most West Asian countries and European nations like Britain, France, and Germany fall within the range of its medium-range missiles. This is the core implication of possessing such weapons. The other options are not supported by the article's content.