10 June 2026, Questions & Answers

Explanation

Article 142 of the Indian Constitution grants the Supreme Court the extraordinary power to pass any order necessary for doing 'complete justice' in any cause or matter pending before it, which was explicitly invoked in this case.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The power invoked was under Article 142, not Article 136 (Special Leave Petition). Statement 2 is correct as per the article. Statement 3 is incorrect because the Court explicitly stated the order was passed in 'peculiar facts' and will NOT be treated as a precedent.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the man was sentenced to 10 years under the POCSO Act. This is a key factual detail from the case background.

Explanation

The article states the Court exercised power under Article 142 considering the 'peculiar facts' where the victim, upon attaining majority, married the convict and they started living together as spouses, seeking to live peacefully.

Explanation

The University Grants Commission (UGC) is the statutory body responsible for maintaining standards and granting approvals for higher education institutions in India, including Foreign Higher Educational Institutions (FHEIs) as per its 2023 regulations.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because UNSW Sydney's campus is in Bengaluru, not Hyderabad. Statement 3 is correct as the article states that with the latest three, the total Letters of Approval issued is five, including University of Southampton and University of Liverpool.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that '10 Letters of Intent had also been issued to foreign universities since last year'. The other numbers are distractors: 5 is the number of Letters of Approval, not Intent.

Explanation

The article directly links the move to the 'UGC regulations that allow foreign higher education institutions to establish campuses in India, under NEP’s "internationalisation" proposal.' While other options might be secondary effects, the core policy driver is NEP 2020 implementation.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Supreme Court appointed the Justice R.M. Lodha Committee to oversee the monetization of properties and refunds to investors. This is a key static fact from the news.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: The CBI registered the FIR in 2014 on Supreme Court directions, not the ED. Statement 2 is correct as per the article which states this is a first under PMLA. Statement 3 is incorrect: The alleged fraud is over ₹68,000 crore, with ₹48,000 crore remaining unpaid.

Explanation

The article states the latest recovery of ₹9,400 crore pushes the total pool of restituted assets to ₹25,000 crore. ₹9,400 crore is only the latest slice, ₹15,582 crore was from an earlier order in March, and ₹28,626 crore is the total attached by ED.

Explanation

The article highlights that traditionally, assets seized under PMLA went to the government treasury. This order marks the first instance where recovered wealth is being returned directly to the victims, establishing a new victim-centric legal precedent in anti-money laundering cases.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions that a major 2014 study by UNCTAD, covering 146 economies over 27 years, found no conclusive evidence that BITs significantly increase bilateral FDI inflows. This is a key data point used to counter the argument linking BITs directly to investment.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The article states India's average growth was ~7.2% (2005-14) and nearly 7.4% (2014-24). Statement 2 is incorrect as the G20 report ranked investor protection 10th. Statement 3 is correct, as cited in the article's international comparison section.

Explanation

The article provides the exact data point: "India’s forex reserves were at $682 billion by April 2026." This fact is used to counter concerns about rupee depreciation, highlighting the RBI's strong buffer.

Explanation

The article explicitly states this economic rationale: "As economies mature and integrate with global markets, profit repatriation by foreign firms and overseas investments by domestic companies naturally increase. Consequently, lower net FDI figures do not establish that investors have lost confidence in India." This is a crucial analytical point for mains answers.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) launched its annual assessment. While FAS is mentioned for last year's data, the primary publisher of the Yearbook is SIPRI.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: The article states there is a decrease of 144 warheads compared to last year's data. Statement 2 is correct as per the report. Statement 3 is incorrect: The article mentions that China and India are 'believed to occasionally keep a limited number of missile mounted warheads deployed even during peacetime'.

Explanation

The article's data table clearly states the total is 12,187 warheads. The other options are close distractors; 12,045 is last year's total (12,187 - 144 = 12,043 approx), but the exact figure from the table is 12,187.

Explanation

The article states the share is shrinking 'due to growth in the world’s other arsenals.' This means other nuclear-armed states are increasing their stockpiles, reducing the relative dominance of the two traditional superpowers and leading to a more multipolar distribution of nuclear capability.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the HKH monsoon outlook findings were published by the International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) and the Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article mentions the HKH region stretches 3,500 km across Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, India, China, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Bhutan. Statement 2 is correct as it lists Ganga, Indus, and Mekong among the rivers sourced from the region. Statement 3 is correct as per the article which states the monsoon accounts for nearly 70-80% of the region's annual rainfall.

Explanation

The article directly states that the South Asian monsoon accounts for nearly 70-80% of the Hindu Kush Himalaya region's annual rainfall. This is a key data point highlighting the monsoon's critical importance to the region's hydrology.

Explanation

The article explains that lower winter snow persistence means the region enters the monsoon with a reduced water buffer. This, combined with the potential for short, intense rainfall events (despite lower total rain), increases the risk of hazards like flash floods and GLOFs, while also exacerbating water stress.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the IGCC study is published in the peer-reviewed open access journal called 'Earth System Science Data'. The other journals, while prominent in climate science, are not mentioned in this context.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The warmest year was 2024 (1.55°C above baseline). 2025 was the third warmest at 1.39°C. Statement 2 is correct as per the article. Statement 3 is also correct as the study states the world could emit no more than 130 billion tonnes from 2026 to stay within 1.5°C.

Explanation

The article clearly states that greenhouse gas emissions reached 56.8 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2025, an all-time high. The other figures are plausible distractors but not mentioned.

Explanation

The article explains that La Niña has a general cooling effect. Therefore, the fact that 2025 still saw near-record warmth despite being a La Niña year underscores the strength of the underlying human-induced warming trend. The other options misrepresent the article's analysis.

Explanation

As stated in the article, 'a senior official of the Ministry of External Affairs summoned the US charge d’affaires.' The MEA is responsible for handling India's foreign relations and diplomatic communications.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: India summoned the US Charge d'Affaires, Jason Meeks, not the Ambassador (who was away). Statement 2 is correct as per the article's data. Statement 3 is incorrect: 21 were rescued, 3 remained missing. Hence, only statement 2 is correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'The strait is the key channel through which 20 percent of the global energy supply passes in large carriers.' The other options are close but incorrect distractors.

Explanation

The article underscores India's concern for the 'safety and security of Indians in the region' and the importance of 'free and unimpeded navigation' through international waterways like the Strait of Hormuz, which is vital for energy imports. The other options are not supported by the article's content.

Explanation

Article 243K of the Constitution mandates that the superintendence, direction, and control of the preparation of electoral rolls and the conduct of all elections to the Panchayats shall be vested in a State Election Commission. This body is mentioned in the article as the authority that released the final electoral roll.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The article states the total electorate has risen by over 29 lakh. Statement 2 is incorrect: The article clearly says elections will only be held after the government completes the OBC reservation exercise. Statement 3 is correct: It is mentioned as 'In a first for panchayat elections in Uttar Pradesh, every voter has been assigned a nine-digit... SVIN'.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the total number of registered voters is 'over 12.58 crore' and provides the exact figure of 12,58,51,570 in the data summary. Option A is the number from the draft rolls, while C and D are incorrect figures.

Explanation

The article states the commission was constituted 'to examine the reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) and recommend the distribution of reserved seats'. Its task is to gather empirical data as per the Supreme Court's 'triple test' framework. Finalizing rolls, designing SVIN, and colour-coding are handled by the State Election Commission.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the joint panel's report was 'submitted to the National Green Tribunal on May 6'. The NGT is the specialized forum for environmental cases.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The panel included MoEF&CC, NIHE, and JKPCC. Statement 2 is incorrect: The panel estimated extraction between 10.6 and 15.3 lakh tonnes, not over 20 lakh. Statement 3 is correct: The article states NKC Projects undertook a majority of the extraction based on short-term permits.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions the report highlighted excavation 'to depths of 4.42 metres — nearly 15 feet'. Option B (3.86 metres) is a distractor as it was the 'conservative depth' considered for a separate calculation.

Explanation

The core finding of the joint panel, as quoted in the article, was that the mining caused 'irreversible hydrogeological damage'. This includes a lowered riverbed, dried-up springs, and loss of aquatic life, directly impacting the river's ecology and water table.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that 'The European Commission, the EU's digital watchdog' issued the interim order. The European Commission is the EU's executive arm responsible for enforcing competition rules.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the order is an 'interim measure' while the investigation is ongoing, and there is 'no legal deadline for the EU's investigation to end'. Statement 3 is directly stated in the article.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'The last time the EU used such interim measures was in 2019, Ribera said.' This is a specific factual detail that can be directly tested.

Explanation

The article quotes the Commission stating the measure is to 'prevent serious and irreparable harm to competition in this growing market'. The focus is on competition, not revenue, privacy, or standardization.

Explanation

As per the article, IGNOAPS is the Government of India's flagship cash assistance scheme for the elderly under its National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP).

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The central contribution has been ₹200 since 2007. Statement 2 is incorrect: The article states the government relies on outdated BPL data to fix beneficiary ceilings. Statement 3 is correct: The PAC's 2025 report and other evaluations recommended linking the assistance with inflation.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the evaluation report said the amount should be increased to ₹353 to retain its original purchasing power, which has been eroded by inflation.

Explanation

The core criticism is that the Union government relies on outdated BPL data, capping beneficiaries at 2.2 crore while the estimated need is nearly 17 crore, creating a ten-fold coverage gap.

Explanation

Article 136 grants the Supreme Court special leave to appeal from any judgment, decree, determination, sentence, or order in any cause or matter passed by any court or tribunal in India. This is the constitutional basis for filing an SLP, as mentioned in the context of the news.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the trial court sentenced the convict to life imprisonment, not death. Statement 3 is a well-established constitutional principle derived from judicial interpretations of Article 21, relevant to the context of the news.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the appeal against the 1985 conviction remained pending before the Allahabad High Court for over four decades (over 40 years) before being dismissed in February 2026.

Explanation

The core issue in the news is the inordinate delay of over 40 years in hearing the appeal. The Supreme Court's intervention aligns with the judicial interpretation that the Right to Life and Personal Liberty under Article 21 encompasses the right to a speedy trial, preventing indefinite incarceration during appeal pendency.

Explanation

The article states that Union Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Hardeep Singh Puri launched the 'E85 fuel' at a retail outlet. This directly links the initiative to the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, which oversees fuel policies in India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: FFVs use sensors to detect the fuel blend and automatically alter engine settings. Statement 2 is incorrect: T-Bills are zero-coupon securities issued at a discount; they pay no periodic interest. Statement 3 is incorrect: S waves are shear waves and cannot travel through liquids like the Earth's outer core.

Explanation

The article explicitly defines E85 as 'a high-ethanol blended fuel comprising 80-85% ethanol and 14-19% petrol'. The other options are distractors based on other common blends like E10 or E20.

Explanation

The article states the move 'aims to make Indian government bonds more attractive to foreign investors' amid pressure to attract foreign funds and stabilize the rupee. While other options might be secondary effects, the stated primary objective is enhancing attractiveness to foreign investors.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Khuram Parvez was arrested by the National Investigation Agency (NIA) on November 22, 2021. The NIA is the designated agency for investigating terrorism-related cases under laws like the UAPA.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the Delhi HC judgment states that Article 21 rights "may even take precedence" over UAPA restrictions. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article mentions the Supreme Court has referred this issue to a larger bench, not settled it. Statement 3 is correct as the court cited his infirmity and over-four-year incarceration as key factors.

Explanation

The article states the incarceration was for 'over-four-year' and later specifies 'almost four years and a half'. This makes 4.5 years the most accurate figure among the options, directly drawn from the court's observation.

Explanation

The court explicitly balanced the UAPA restrictions against the accused's fundamental right to liberty under Article 21, noting the 'yardstick of bail being the rule' and the unlikelihood of a speedy trial given the 197 witnesses. The other options are not supported by the article's content.

Explanation

The news article explicitly states that the Allahabad High Court issued the guidelines. This is a direct factual recall from the provided content.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect: The compensation is ₹25,000 per day, not ₹20,000. Statement 2 is correct: The case arose from a habeas corpus petition by Chander Pal Singh, a specially-abled lawyer. Statement 3 is correct: The court emphasised that no surety should ordinarily be required, only a personal bond.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the personal bond amount should not exceed ₹20,000. ₹25,000 is the daily compensation amount, and ₹50,000 was the bond furnished in the specific case mentioned, which is a distractor.

Explanation

The court's guidelines, including compensation and procedural safeguards, aim to curb the 'abuse' and 'highly irresponsible' use of preventive detention powers, directly targeting the protection of individual liberty from arbitrary executive action. The other options are either incorrect or not the primary focus.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the case was investigated by the National Investigation Agency (NIA). The NIA is the central agency established to combat terror-related offenses in India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because bail was granted based on multiple factors, including prolonged incarceration and slow trial progress, not solely on disability. Statement 2 is correct as per the court's observation that Article 21 rights may 'trump' UAPA restrictions. Statement 3 is incorrect as the court noted the trial had NOT progressed significantly and was still at the arguments stage.

Explanation

The article clearly states he was granted bail 'Four-and-a-half years after his arrest' in the NIA case from November 2021. This precise duration is a key factual takeaway from the news.

Explanation

The court's central reasoning, as quoted, was that the appellant's rights under Article 21 'need to be balanced and may even trump the restriction imposed under Section 43D(5) of the UAPA.' This reflects the judicial application of fundamental rights to counter strict procedural laws.

Explanation

The Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI) is a statutory body under the Department of Border Management, which falls under the Ministry of Home Affairs. This is explicitly mentioned in the article.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because VINIMAY uses Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR)-based gate operations, not Facial Recognition. Statement 3 is correct as LPAI is the managing authority. Hence, option C is correct.

Explanation

India shares its land border with seven countries: Bangladesh, China, Pakistan, Nepal, Myanmar, Bhutan, and Afghanistan. The article lists all seven, with Afghanistan sharing 106 km in Ladakh.

Explanation

The article states the launch of LPMS/VINIMAY was "To digitise and streamline cargo processing and passenger movement across India’s land borders." Its core function is digital integration to reduce delays, not security restructuring or infrastructure construction.

Explanation

The article states that the insurer filed appeals against awards passed by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (MACT) in 2024. MACTs are specialized tribunals set up under the Motor Vehicles Act to adjudicate accident claims.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because the court specifically held that a stationary vehicle parked negligently can be liable. Statement 3 is incorrect as the court noted that 'no mathematical formula exists' for assessing a homemaker's contribution.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Calcutta High Court enhanced the compensation awarded for the death of the homemaker from Rs 9.17 lakh to Rs 11 lakh. The original MACT award was ₹9.17 lakh.

Explanation

The court's core reasoning, as detailed in the article, was that the contribution of a homemaker—encompassing household chores, care, and emotional support—is invaluable and a loss for which dependants are entitled to 'adequate compensation.' It emphasized these services cannot be measured purely in monetary terms.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the order pertains to preventive detention cases under the BNSS (and CrPC). The BNSS deals with procedural criminal law, replacing the CrPC, while BNS replaces the IPC.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect because the court specifically ordered the compensation to be recovered from the salaries of responsible magistrates/police officers. Statement 3 is incorrect; the court actually capped the bond at Rs 20,000 and criticized the illegal insistence on Rs 50,000 bonds.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'the court capped the personal bond amount at Rs 20,000' and that it should be a signature bond without surety. ₹50,000 was the illegal amount being insisted upon earlier.

Explanation

The court's direction aims to personally hold magistrates and police officers accountable for illegal detentions, acting as a direct financial and disciplinary deterrent. This moves beyond the state's vicarious liability to individual responsibility.

Explanation

USCIS is a component of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) responsible for the administration of immigration and naturalization adjudication functions, including processing H-1B visa petitions. The article mentions a retired officer from USCIS's Fraud Detection division.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because the article states the cap is 65,000 for most private employers, with an additional 20,000 for holders of advanced degrees. Statement 2 is correct as per the court's ruling. Statement 3 is incorrect as the article clearly states Indian citizens receive more than 70% of all H-1B visas.

Explanation

The article's title and content explicitly mention the fee was $100,000 annually. This fee was imposed by a proclamation in September 2025 and was ruled unlawful.

Explanation

The article states Judge Sorokin concluded the fee functioned as a tax. Since the US Constitution grants Congress, not the President, the authority to levy taxes, the measure was found to exceed executive power. This is the core of the separation of powers argument presented.

Explanation

The NHRC is a statutory body established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It is not a constitutional body nor is it established under the IT Act or IPC.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article (₹52,976 crore). Statement 2 is incorrect; the article states TRAI noted the shift of frauds to OTT platforms and called for an appropriate regulatory framework, but it does not state TRAI is the current regulator for OTT services. Statement 3 is correct as criminalising mule accounts was a key recommendation.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that "nearly 8% of the losses [were] linked to 'digital arrest' scams." The other options are plausible but incorrect distractors.

Explanation

The NHRC specifically warned that the frauds cause "not only financial devastation but also severe psychological trauma and violations of human rights." This human rights angle is the core reason for its intervention, as highlighted in the article.

Explanation

The article states that the tunnel was executed by MEIL for the National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL). NHIDCL is a specialized agency under the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways for highway and infrastructure projects.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article states the project was completed at ₹6,800 crore despite an early estimate of ₹12,000 crore. Statement 3 is correct as explicitly mentioned in the article. Hence, only statements 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions the Zojila tunnel's length as 13.14 km. The other options are close distractors. Such precise numerical data is a classic target for Prelims questions.

Explanation

While all options are mentioned as benefits, the article explicitly highlights the project as a "gamechanger from security perspective" and states it will make the movement of the Indian Army and supply of materials "faster, safer, and more effective", thereby strengthening strategic preparedness. This is the primary strategic benefit.

Explanation

CVE stands for Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures. It is a publicly available catalog of known cybersecurity threats, referenced in the article for a specific flaw (CVE-2026-5194) in wolfSSL that Mythos discovered.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states Mythos discovered a 16-year-old flaw that survived millions of tests. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article explicitly says its offensive capabilities 'emerged as a byproduct' and were 'not deliberately engineered'. Statement 3 is correct as mentioned in the 'Fourth' point about chaining vulnerabilities.

Explanation

The article explicitly proposes 'a ₹15,000 crore-20,000 crore critical sector cybersecurity upgradation fund'. This fund is intended for legacy system modernization, particularly in public sector banks.

Explanation

The article states that if a powerful model like Mythos becomes 'openly downloadable', defensive measures fail. Therefore, India should lead at the G20 to subject the release of such models to 'international notification and review requirements' to mitigate global risk.

Explanation

The Kaladan project connects Kolkata to Sittwe (Myanmar) by sea, then via river and road to Mizoram in India's North-East, providing an alternative route to the region.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as Foreign Secretary Vikram Misri stated India's policy is not a commentary on Myanmar's internal affairs. Statement 2 is incorrect; the Trilateral Highway was supposed to be finished by 2019 but is still incomplete. Statement 3 is correct; the article states the sea and river components of Kaladan are operational.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the Trilateral Highway links Moreh in Manipur to Mae Sot in Thailand through Myanmar over roughly 1,360 km.

Explanation

The article emphasizes the 'China factor', stating Beijing has aggressively cultivated Naypyidaw post-coup. For India to cede this strategic space entirely to China would be a 'self-inflicted wound', making countering Chinese influence a primary objective of its engagement.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions that the 'MEA rejected any role for a third party'. The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) is the nodal body for India's foreign policy and diplomatic engagements, including border disputes.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article where PM Shah made these accusations. Statement 2 is correct as it details the diplomatic visits aimed at damage control. Statement 3 is incorrect; the article clearly states 'The MEA rejected any role for a "third party" in negotiations, particularly China'.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'No doubt, the territorial issues over Limpiyadhura, and Lipulekh will heat up again this summer...' Kalapani is often associated with Limpiyadhura but is not the specific term used here. The other options are distractors based on geography.

Explanation

While not explicitly stated as a 'principle', India's rejection of a 'third party' like China is a clear diplomatic stance favoring direct bilateral resolution. This is a cornerstone of India's approach to boundary disputes with neighbors like Nepal, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, avoiding internationalization of issues.

Explanation

The article states the public notice was put up by the 'Office of the Assistant Commissioner in Campbell Bay'. This is the local administrative office in Great Nicobar initiating the census process.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's description of the 'container port, airport, and tourist-township project'. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article says the PIB 'had termed the proposed container transhipment port as lacking in "strategic objectives"' in 2024. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the draft Master Plan has 'a timeline going up to 2050'.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the cost as '₹92,000 crore'. The other options are plausible distractors but are not the figure provided in the source text.

Explanation

The article quotes the Union Tribal Affairs Minister saying it is meant to be a model for 'frontier infrastructure development' and mentions the government's view that the project aims 'to strengthen its strategic presence in the region'. The other options are not supported as primary reasons by the article's content.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that 'The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) last week announced the special dispensation...' and later refers to 'the RBI’s latest relaxation'. The RBI is India's central bank and the regulator for banking and foreign exchange matters.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's definition. Statement 2 is incorrect: interest is tax-exempt only if the depositor qualifies as a non-resident under Indian tax laws, not for 'all account holders'. Statement 3 is correct as the article states 'banks are also exempted from maintaining the cash reserve ratio (CRR) and statutory liquidity ratio (SLR)' under the new framework.

Explanation

The article states: 'In the financial year 2025-26 (FY26), FCNR(B) deposit inflows plunged by 86% to $946 million from $7.1 billion in FY25'. $7.1 billion is the FY25 figure, $33.8 billion is the outstanding amount, and $14.41 billion is total NRI deposit inflows for FY26.

Explanation

The article explains that the RBI's scheme 'effectively covering the entire hedging cost' and 'By absorbing the hedging burden, the RBI has made FCNR(B) deposits a more attractive source of overseas funding for lenders.' The goal is to incentivise banks to bring in more foreign capital by reducing their cost of managing foreign exchange risk.

Explanation

The Department of Fertilizers, under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, is the nodal agency responsible for the planning, formulation, and implementation of policies related to fertilisers, including the subsidy regime. The article discusses the fertiliser subsidy burden, which falls under its purview.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states the subsidy may be 100% more than the Budget estimate of ₹1.7 lakh crore. Statement 2 is incorrect; the primary reason is a global supply crunch due to the Iran war, not a domestic shortage. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions fertiliser was one of the '3 Fs' (along with fuel and foreign exchange for gold) cited by the Finance Minister.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that India's latest purchases of urea were at a cost-plus-freight price of $935-$959 per tonne, more than double the year-ago figure of $410-$420. The other options are distractors not mentioned in the context of the latest import price.

Explanation

The article repeatedly mentions the government's concern about the diversion of fertilisers meant for farmers to industry. Officials note instances of farmers receiving more sacks than needed, indicating potential leakage. This is a governance and subsidy efficacy issue separate from the primary problem of global price rise.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) sent the letter to Chief Secretaries. MeitY is the nodal ministry for IT and digital governance in India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's description of the system's design. Statement 2 is incorrect; institutions must register with UIDAI, not the Ministry of Home Affairs. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the notification date.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the regulations were notified through a Gazette notification on December 9, 2025. The other dates are distractors; June 10, 2026 is the article's publication date.

Explanation

The article states the move is aimed at 'reducing document misuse and strengthening privacy safeguards'. It specifically mentions risks associated with sharing photocopies and fraud cases, making privacy and security the core objective.