15 June 2026, Questions & Answers

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) issued the statement summarizing the discussions and outcomes of the bilateral meeting. The MEA is the nodal ministry for India's foreign relations and diplomatic engagements.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the MEA statement. Statement 2 is incorrect; the roadmap adopted is the 'Innovation Roadmap 2030', not 2025. Statement 3 is correct as the leaders agreed to create a Joint AI Working Group. Hence, both 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the existing annual bilateral trade is $16 billion, and the new high-level mechanism aims to double this figure within five years. The other options are plausible distractors but not the exact figure mentioned.

Explanation

The article specifies that the joint working group is focussed on 'AI governance'. This indicates its primary objective is to work on regulatory, ethical, and governance aspects of AI, rather than purely commercial, military, or academic exchanges.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions the 'United Nations Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) 2025 Report'. This is the nodal body that releases these specific child mortality estimates.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because India's reduction (41%) was substantially higher than the global average (18%). Statement 2 is correct as the article states the card is used for these purposes by ASHAs, ANMs, and Anganwadi workers. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the hub-and-spoke model for newborn care referrals.

Explanation

The article states: 'Full immunisation coverage among children aged 12–23 months increased from 76.6 per cent in 2019–21 to 82.6 per cent in 2023–24 (NFHS -6 Report).' 76.6% was the NFHS-5 figure, and 85.3% is the postnatal care coverage figure, making 82.6% the correct data point.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'At the core of this transformation lies a deliberate shift from episodic interventions to a structured life-cycle approach anchored in the Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health plus Nutrition (RMNCAH+N) strategy.' This integrates maternal health, newborn care, immunisation, and nutrition into a single continuum.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the scale of the 2020 intrusions suggested the operation was 'cleared by the Central Military Commission (CMC), the highest defence body headed by Xi.' The CMC is the supreme military command authority in China.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the Depsang impasse saw a 'prolonged deadlock' and was finally resolved after the Modi-Xi meeting in Kazan in September 2024, not immediately after 2021 military talks. Statement 3 is correct as described in the 'Status of the LAC' section.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'Almost 50,000 troops continue to be deployed by either side in the Ladakh region.' This is a key data point highlighting the ongoing militarisation of the LAC post-Galwan.

Explanation

The article directly states: 'The main reason for the trade imbalance is the deep dependence of India’s manufacturing sector on cheap Chinese inputs in electronics, pharmaceuticals and green energy sectors.' The other options are not mentioned as primary reasons in the provided content.

Explanation

The Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, responsible for conducting the Census, functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs. This is a key static fact often tested in polity and governance sections.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as mentioned in the article. Statement 2 is correct as the Census is governed by the Census Act, 1948. Statement 3 is correct: last Census was 2011, next is 2027, a gap of 16 years. Hence, all three statements are correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: "It has further come down to 88 (Special Bulletin on MMR in India 2021-23, RGI)." The other options are distractors: 70 is the UN-SDG target, 93 was the SRS 2021 figure.

Explanation

The article states this data "will allow for a much more nuanced picture of where disadvantages are concentrated, enabling targeted policies and reservation frameworks." It clarifies the Census will not replace PLFS, and it is not about religious minorities or seat allocation.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz is a strategically vital strait located between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It serves as the only sea passage from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean, making it a critical global oil transit route.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states both sides agreed to an 'immediate and permanent termination of military operations on all fronts, including Lebanon.' Statement 2 is incorrect because the article explicitly mentions the deal 'does not appear to address Iran's nuclear programme' and that it has drawn criticism for not restricting Iran's ballistic missile programme. Statement 3 is correct as Pakistan's PM announced the 'official signing ceremony will be on Friday 19 June in Switzerland.'

Explanation

The article clearly states that Iran's Deputy Foreign Minister mentioned 'a further 60 days of negotiations would follow toward a more comprehensive settlement.' The 30-day period mentioned is for the initial reopening of the Strait of Hormuz, not the negotiation timeline.

Explanation

The article emphasizes that a key outcome is the US lifting its naval blockade and reopening the Strait of Hormuz, which handled roughly a fifth of global oil and gas shipments before the conflict. While this may eventually impact oil prices, experts note it won't be fixed overnight. The other options are not supported: the deal does not immediately normalize all regional relations, and the lifting of restrictions on Iranian oil sales is conditional and part of the agreement, not unconditional.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Pakistan's Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif has been at the helm of the U.S.-Iran ceasefire negotiations since April 12 and announced the deal. Switzerland is only the signing venue, and Oman was mentioned in the context of past toll proposals for the Strait of Hormuz.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the announcement by Pakistan's PM Shehbaz Sharif. Statement 2 is incorrect; while Sharif announced it on 'X', U.S. President Trump confirmed it on 'Truth Social'. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the Strait of Hormuz is to be open without any tolling arrangement, a position reaffirmed by the U.S. President.

Explanation

The article clearly states the deal is 'slated to be signed on Friday (June 19, 2026) in Switzerland'. June 14 is when the deal was announced, June 15 is the article's publication date, and April 12 is when Pakistan began mediation.

Explanation

The article states that the U.S. is 'aiming for Iran to drop its nuclear plan' and that President Trump reiterated 'Iran will never have a nuclear weapon.' While opening the Strait of Hormuz is a key provision, the central U.S. strategic concern, as per the article, remains Iran's nuclear ambitions.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the plan is 'based on Articles 21 and 23'. Article 21 guarantees the right to life with dignity, and Article 23 prohibits traffic in human beings, forming the constitutional bedrock for the rehabilitation framework.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article which says the guidelines make it mandatory for victims to receive representation immediately after rescue. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article clearly states that 'Even women who choose to leave shelters cannot be denied compensation, welfare benefits, or other entitlements'. Statement 3 is correct as mentioned in the article. Hence, option C is correct.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions that designated caseworkers are responsible for ensuring continued support 'for up to three years'. This is a precise data point from the news.

Explanation

Sunitha Krishnan of Prajwala describes the judgment as 'historic' because it is 'the first to recognise survivors of human trafficking as rights-holders entitled to dignity and rehabilitation, rather than as recipients of charity.' This shift in legal perspective is the core transformative aspect highlighted.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that compensation for road accidents is awarded under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. This act lays down the mathematical framework for calculating compensation based on income, future prospects, and multipliers.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article: the SC created 'loss of domestic care' with a ₹30,000/month baseline. Statement 2 is incorrect; the judgment explicitly stated that 'loss of consortium' addresses emotional absence, not the concrete economic value of domestic management. Statement 3 is correct; the SC drew on the NSO's 2019 Time Use Survey.

Explanation

The article clearly states the Supreme Court created the 'loss of domestic care' head with a baseline value of ₹30,000 per month. ₹3,000 was the notional income approved in Lata Wadhwa (2001), ₹15,000 was the annual income for non-earners under the MV Act at one point, and ₹40,000 is the fixed amount for 'loss of consortium' under Pranay Sethi (2017).

Explanation

The article concludes by stating the Supreme Court directed High Court Chief Justices to 'list the oldest pending motor accident matters first, expand dedicated benches where needed'. This was to address the injustice of long delays, with average pendency found to be around 8 years. The other options are not mentioned in the article.

Explanation

The article explicitly states, 'the final agreement would be approved by a UN Security Council resolution.' The UNSC is the primary UN organ responsible for maintaining international peace and security, making its approval crucial for such a deal.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article, which mentions '$300bn' reconstruction plans. Statement 2 is incorrect; the reopening timeline is 'within 30 days' and it is to happen 'under Iranian arrangements,' not US supervision. Statement 3 is incorrect; the deal includes a 'reiteration of Iran's commitment not to produce nuclear weapons,' not complete dismantlement.

Explanation

The article clearly states: '1/5 of all oil traded globally passes through the Strait of Hormuz.' One-fifth is equivalent to 20%. This fact underscores the strait's critical importance to global energy markets.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz is a critical chokepoint for oil exports from the Persian Gulf. Its reopening, as stated in the deal, would end a major disruption, stabilize energy supply routes, and thereby enhance global energy security. The article notes the reopening should happen 'without any tolls,' and control remains with Iran, not the UN.

Explanation

The article mentions monitoring and restricting Tehran's nuclear programme 'in cooperation with the United Nations watchdog.' The IAEA is the UN body specifically mandated to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and verify compliance with non-proliferation agreements.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article explicitly mentions destroying 'highly enriched uranium.' Statement 2 is incorrect because the mines are to be removed from the 'Strait of Hormuz,' not the 'Strait of Malacca' - a classic examiner trap swapping critical choke-points. Statement 3 is correct as the article states, 'According to the mediator Pakistan, the deal is scheduled to be signed in Geneva.'

Explanation

The article clearly states that the Strait of Hormuz 'is a crucial passage for 20 percent of the global oil and gas supply.' The other options are plausible but incorrect distractors.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz is a vital global energy chokepoint. Removing mines directly addresses the security threat to commercial vessels, thereby stabilizing a key artery for global oil and gas trade, which is the core economic and strategic implication mentioned in the article.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow channel that connects the Persian Gulf (where major oil producers like Saudi Arabia and Iran are located) to the Gulf of Oman and the wider Arabian Sea, making it a critical global oil transit route.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The conflict began with US-Israel strikes on Iran on February 28, 2026. Iranian retaliation, including strikes on the UAE, happened later on March 1. Statement 2 is correct as per the article: a two-week ceasefire was reached on April 8. Statement 3 is correct as Trump announced the deal on June 14.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'The agreement is due to be signed in Switzerland on June 19.' June 14 is the announcement date, and June 15 is when Iran confirmed the deal.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz is a vital chokepoint for global oil shipments. Its closure during conflict threatens energy security worldwide. Reopening it is central to the peace deal to stabilize global oil markets and secure maritime commerce, which is a primary strategic concern for many nations, including India.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the government appointed the committee 'to suggest measures to eradicate casteism and to ensure social harmony in schools' following an incident of violence among school students.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's mention of 'Fifty-nine such murders were reported in Tamil Nadu over the last 10 years.' Statement 2 is incorrect; the court criticized political parties for 'adding fuel to the social evil of caste by using it to mobilise votes,' not praising them. Statement 3 is correct as the article says 'Legislations like the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) or SC/ST Act, 1989, have not yielded the expected results. The incidents being reported under this Act are increasing day by day...' Hence, option C is correct.

Explanation

The article states: 'The high court directed Saravanan’s release on a bond of Rs 1 lakh with two sureties.' The other options are distractors close to common bail amounts.

Explanation

The judgment explicitly evolved 'into a broader reflection on caste, social reform and ‘honour’ crimes.' The court underlined that 'honour killings are not acts of honour but manifestations of caste prejudice that society must confront and eliminate.' The other options are not supported by the article's content.

Explanation

The Strait of Hormuz is a narrow channel that links the Persian Gulf (and its oil-rich coastal nations) with the Gulf of Oman and the wider Arabian Sea, making it a vital global oil transit route.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article, quoting Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. Statement 2 is incorrect; the signing is scheduled in Switzerland, not Qatar, though Qatar facilitated the talks. Statement 3 is correct, as Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Gharibabadi stated negotiations would proceed only after the release of frozen assets.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'Around 2,000 vessels are still stuck in the Gulf, awaiting clearance to pass through.' This is a key data point highlighting the scale of the shipping disruption.

Explanation

The article mentions that insurance premiums had risen dramatically (from ~0.25% to as high as 5% of hull value) due to the conflict and associated risks. Reopening the Strait and easing tensions would likely lead to a reduction in these risk premiums, directly impacting shipping costs.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the 'Innovation Roadmap 2030' was adopted during bilateral talks between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and French President Emmanuel Macron in Nice.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the working group created was for Artificial Intelligence (AI), not Quantum Computing. Statement 3 is incorrect; the High-Level Mechanism aims to double trade between India and France, not the EU. This is a classic examiner trap swapping the entity.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions that the two leaders noted the signing of 19 agreements between entities in the innovation ecosystems of India and France.

Explanation

The article states that the Dialogue on Economic Security focuses on strengthening supply chain resilience, particularly in critical minerals. The other options, such as coordinating monetary policy or creating a digital currency, are not mentioned in the provided content.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the US Trade Representative (USTR) has proposed a new tariff of 12.5% on India. The USTR is the agency responsible for trade policy and negotiations.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is correct because the article says the directive suspends access 'by any foreign national, whether inside or outside America.' Statement 3 is incorrect; the strike was on a 'commercial oil tanker,' not a military warship.

Explanation

The article specifically mentions 'a new line of tariff of 12.5 per cent' proposed by the US Trade Representative. The other options are plausible distractors for trade-related questions.

Explanation

The article states the decision 'is likely to impact India perhaps more than any other nation, given one of the strongest tech-dependent diasporas and the growing tech-interdependence between the two nations.' This directly points to its significant impact.

Explanation

The Department of Fertilizers is under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers. This ministry is responsible for the policy, planning, development, and regulation of the fertiliser industry, including the subsidy regime. The PSUs mentioned (RCF, IPL, NFL) fall under its administrative control.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The June price (~$447/tonne) was below the pre-strike February price ($508-512/tonne). Statement 2 is incorrect: While El Niño is mentioned as a factor moderating demand, the article cites supply-side relief (like China lifting export restrictions and hopes for Strait of Hormuz reopening) as key reasons for the price crash. Statement 3 is incorrect: The article states the import bill for 2025-26 was $27.2 billion, while the record was $33.4 billion in 2022-23.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: "the Centre’s fertiliser subsidy bill for 2026-27 was projected to touch Rs 3,40,000 crore". Option A (₹1,70,799 crore) is the budgeted amount, making it a close distractor. The other figures are not mentioned.

Explanation

The editorial argues for "shifting from market-distorting product-specific subsidies... to direct farm income support." The goal is to let farmers grow what the market wants and pay the true scarcity value of inputs like water and energy, thereby improving efficiency. The other options are either contrary to the suggested reform or not mentioned.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions the UN Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) food price index, which registered a 2.9% increase in May 2026 over the previous year. The FAO is the specialized UN agency leading international efforts to defeat hunger.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The article states the current deviation of 0.7°C is termed a 'weak' El Niño. Statement 2 is correct as the closure of the Strait of Hormuz is directly linked to skyrocketing fertilizer prices. Statement 3 is correct; wheat stocks were 7.5 MT on April 1, 2004, and 42.8 MT on May 1, 2026.

Explanation

The article states: 'The FAO index for it, at 185 points in May, was 21.5% higher than a year ago.' The 2.9% increase is for the overall Food Price Index. The 31.9% and 44.5% figures relate to the IMF's index for base metals and precious metals, respectively.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'A key reason for vegetable oil prices firming up is their alternative use as biofuels. When global crude prices harden... there's added incentive to divert palm, rapeseed and soyabean oil for the production of fatty acid methyl ester, which can substitute regular petroleum diesel.' The other options are not mentioned.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the analysis was conducted by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW). NMCG is mentioned in the context of the hybrid annuity model, while CPCB sets effluent standards.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the data in the article. Statement 2 is correct as the article mentions the hybrid annuity model was adopted by the National Mission for Clean Ganga. Statement 3 is incorrect because the article states urban areas have less than 50% of networked sewage treatment capacity.

Explanation

The article specifically states the CEEW analysis projects this can unlock a market and investment opportunity worth over Rs 3 lakh crore by 2047. The other options are plausible but incorrect distractors.

Explanation

The article explains that used water is often mixed with industrial effluents from non-conforming units, which contain heavy metals and toxins that kill the microorganisms essential for the biological treatment processes in STPs.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the Commerce and Industry Ministry released the WPI-based inflation data. The Ministry of Finance deals with fiscal policy, MoSPI releases CPI data, and RBI uses CPI for monetary policy.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect as the base year was revised to 2022-23, not 2021-22. Statement 2 is correct as per the article and the RBI's mandate. Statement 3 is correct because WPI inflation in fuel and power was 30.33%, which is significantly higher than the overall WPI of 9.68%.

Explanation

The article clearly states that wholesale price inflation shot up to 9.68% in May. 8.26% was the April figure, 3.93% was the CPI for May, and 5.10% is the RBI's revised projection for the fiscal year.

Explanation

The article directly links the sharp rise to "the impact of the West Asia crisis and the effective blockade of the Strait of Hormuz" which affects crude oil imports. While the others may contribute, they are not the primary factor mentioned in this specific news piece.

Explanation

The article states that the Padma river is the name of the Ganga in Bangladesh. Therefore, the Padma barrage is being constructed on the Ganga river system.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The article clearly states the Padma barrage will lie 'just 180 km downstream of the Farakka barrage', not upstream. Statement 2 is correct as per the article's mention of 'Tk 50,443 crore... over seven years'. Statement 3 is correct as the article states Farakka was built 'to divert water from the Ganga to the Bhagirathi-Hoogly and thus flush the Kolkata Port'.

Explanation

According to the article, the barrage is designed to store '2,900 million cu. m. of water'. The other figures are plausible distractors but not mentioned in the provided content.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the barrage 'is intended to control the Padma river... and abate the country’s seasonal water scarcity'. While other options might be secondary benefits, the primary objective as per the news is water security and scarcity mitigation.

Explanation

The Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI), established in 2012 under the Ministry of Home Affairs, is responsible for managing land ports. The VINIMAY system integrates operations across these ports.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: SIPRI data shows India ($92.1B) spent more than Germany ($114B is incorrect; correct figure for Germany is $114B, but India's $92.1B is not higher. Wait, the article states US $954B, China $336B, Russia $190B, Germany $114B, India $92.1B. So India is 5th, Germany is 4th. Therefore, India's spend is NOT higher than Germany's. Statement 1 is FALSE. Let's re-evaluate: The article lists Germany ($114B) ahead of India ($92.1B). Therefore, Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct as the article mentions a '3-Way Partnership: Centre + State governments + Private sector' for BHAVYA. Statement 3 is incorrect as Zojila is the world's longest 'high-altitude bi-directional' road tunnel, not the longest overall. Thus, only Statement 2 is correct. The correct option should be (B) Only 2. I need to correct my initial assessment.

Explanation

SIPRI estimates indicate India had around 190 nuclear warheads as of January 2026, while Pakistan had around 170. This data point is crucial for understanding India's strategic defence posture.

Explanation

The article states the move is 'aimed at reducing India’s dependence on imports and strengthening the domestic solar manufacturing ecosystem.' While it may align with climate goals, the stated primary objective is boosting domestic manufacturing under the Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that 'Bharat Innovates 2026' was organized by the Ministry of Education in France. This is a factual detail directly from the source.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because the article clearly states that strategic sovereignty 'does not mean technological autarky'. Statement 2 is correct as per the article's discussion on policy-market calibration. Statement 3 is correct as iDEX is mentioned as a successful example of policy creating anchor demand.

Explanation

The article states: 'The next decade must build mastery. We are innovation-dense; we must now become innovation-deep.' The other options describe elements of the first phase, not the primary focus of the next phase.

Explanation

The article argues against autarky and states that India's interests are served through 'deep partnerships with like-minded nations offering complementary strengths', using the India-France Year of Innovation as a template. This is the core of its proposed approach for strategic sovereignty.

Explanation

The Right to Information (RTI) Act was enacted by the Parliament of India in 2005. It is a fundamental transparency law that operationalizes the right to information under Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article clearly states the Supreme Court refused anticipatory bail. Statement 2 is incorrect; the Court observed 'RTI activism has become a new business,' but it did not comment on repealing the RTI Act. Statement 3 is correct as the FIR mentions sections of BNS, 2023.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that the activist 'has challenged the Punjab and Haryana High Court's order denying him anticipatory bail.' The High Court's order was dated May 14, 2026.

Explanation

The Court's specific observation about RTI activism becoming a 'new business,' made in the context of denying bail for alleged obstruction, signals judicial scrutiny over how transparency tools are used. It does not call for a ban or amendment, nor does it negate the right to monitor, but cautions against crossing into unlawful interference.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions Solicitor General Tushar Mehta appearing for the Union government before the Supreme Court Bench. The Solicitor General is the second-highest law officer assisting the Attorney General.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because the SC stayed proceedings only in four specific High Courts (Rajasthan, Delhi, Karnataka, Kerala), not 'all' High Courts. Statement 2 is correct as per the article. Statement 3 is incorrect; petitioners argue the amendment undermines the NALSA judgement.

Explanation

The article states: "On May 4, the Supreme Court had sought responses from the Centre and others on separate pleas challenging the validity of the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Act, 2026."

Explanation

As per the article, the Centre's concern, presented by the Solicitor General, was that High Courts might pre-empt the apex court and pass orders, leading to 'divergent views' or 'conflicting decisions' on the same law. This is the core rationale for judicial consolidation.

Explanation

The Bombay High Court, established in 1862, has its principal seat in Mumbai and permanent benches at Nagpur, Aurangabad, and Panaji (Goa). This is a standard static GK fact about the jurisdiction of High Courts in India.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the threats are due to his 2024 verdict on the Dawoodi Bohra succession case. Statement 2 is incorrect; the court directed the Mumbai Police Commissioner to supervise the probe, not the CBI. Statement 3 is incorrect; the PIL was filed by the Bombay Bar Association, the Advocates Association of Western India, and the Bombay Incorporated Law Society, not the Bar Council of India.

Explanation

As per the article, the Bombay High Court explicitly ordered the Mumbai Police Commissioner to personally supervise the probe and submit a status report on July 2, 2026. This is a key factual detail from the news.

Explanation

The core issue highlighted by the court and the PIL is that threats against a judge for a past verdict constitute a direct assault on judicial independence. The court emphasized that judges must discharge their duty 'without fear or favour', which is fundamental to the rule of law and a basic structure of the Constitution.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif briefed the National Assembly about Pakistan's efforts to bring an end to the conflict. The National Assembly is the lower house of Pakistan's parliament.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as PM Shehbaz hailed the dawn emerging 'after three months and 16 days of tireless efforts'. Statement 2 is incorrect; while Pakistan is hosting the ceremony, it is being held in Geneva, Switzerland, not Islamabad. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the deal announces 'an immediate and permanent end to military action, including in Lebanon'.

Explanation

The article clearly states that U.S. President Donald Trump announced that the U.S. and Iran have finalized a deal to end their '107-day war'. The other options are close distractors.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions that PM Shehbaz briefed the assembly about efforts to end a conflict 'that threatened the global energy structure' and that the 'devastating effects of this war shook the entire world and its economy'. The primary global consequence highlighted is the energy crisis.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Panacea Biotec's DengiAll Phase 3 trials were conducted 'together with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)'. This is a direct factual extraction.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is correct as the article discusses ADE as the potential reason. Statement 3 is incorrect; the article highlights a 'gap in phase 3 trials', stating efficacy against DENV-3 and DENV-4 is unknown as these serotypes were not prevalent during the trials.

Explanation

The article specifically states: 'Panacea Biotec’s DengiAll phase 3 trials... completed its enrollment target of 10,335 healthy volunteers in January this year.' The other numbers are distractors not mentioned.

Explanation

The core scientific and safety issue discussed throughout the article is the risk of Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE), where vaccine-induced antibodies could potentially worsen a subsequent dengue infection. This is the central concern linking the Brazilian incident to India's vaccine.

Explanation

The PCPNDT Act is a health legislation aimed at preventing sex-selective abortions by regulating prenatal diagnostic techniques. Its implementation is primarily handled by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare at the central level and corresponding state health departments.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states Indian law prohibits both prenatal sex determination and sex-selective abortion. Statement 2 is correct as violations face punishment extending to five years in jail. Statement 3 is correct as clinics are required to maintain an 'F' form under the Act. Hence, all three statements are correct.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that Census data from 2011 showed a child sex ratio of 919 females per 1,000 males. The other options are distractors: 927 was the 2001 ratio, 945 was the 1991 ratio, and 929 is the recent partial recovery figure mentioned.

Explanation

The article establishes that the PCPNDT Act was enacted to prevent sex-selective abortions (female foeticide) driven by son preference, with the intent of addressing the declining child sex ratio. While it regulates diagnostic techniques (option A/D), its core objective is to prevent misuse for sex determination, as repeatedly emphasized in the court's reasoning.

Explanation

KPTCL stands for Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation Limited. It is the state-owned entity responsible for electricity transmission across the state of Karnataka.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: DLR dynamically calculates safe capacity using real-time weather data. Statement 2 is incorrect: DLR does not involve physical reinforcement; it is a monitoring and control technology that optimizes existing infrastructure. Statement 3 is correct: By utilizing spare capacity during favorable conditions (e.g., windy periods for wind power), DLR facilitates higher renewable energy injection into the grid.

Explanation

The core benefit of DLR technology is optimizing the use of existing transmission infrastructure. By allowing lines to carry more power when conditions are favorable (e.g., cool and windy), it enhances grid capacity, deferring or eliminating the need for costly and time-consuming construction of new transmission lines.

Explanation

Renewable energy sources like solar and wind are intermittent and their output varies. DLR helps manage this variability by unlocking additional transmission capacity precisely when renewable generation is high (e.g., sunny or windy periods), allowing more green power to flow through the grid without congestion. This directly supports India's targets for renewable energy integration.

Explanation

The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) is the nodal ministry for policy matters relating to information technology, electronics, and the Internet. It oversees legislation like the IT Act and its rules, and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article describes the tool as a 'domestic export-control directive'. Statement 2 is incorrect because the article explicitly states India has 'no equivalent instrument' to address this specific vulnerability, making the DPDP Act insufficient. Statement 3 is correct as 'redundancy' is listed as the second element of the proposed lawfare doctrine.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the order was issued by the United States government on June 12. The article was published on June 15, 2026, which is a close distractor.

Explanation

The article's core thesis is that 'technological self-reliance without a corresponding legal doctrine is an incomplete shield.' It argues for a four-element lawfare doctrine (defensive insulation, redundancy, leverage, forum strategy) to complement domestic tech building, not for isolation (decoupling), focusing only on big models, or relying solely on diplomacy.

Explanation

The ruling was delivered by Justice Suraj Govindaraj of the Karnataka High Court on June 9, 2026. High Courts are constitutional courts under Article 214 of the Constitution, with jurisdiction over their respective states.

Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect. The court explicitly rejected the bank's argument that it froze the account anticipating more directions, stating administrative convenience cannot substitute a legal mandate. Statements 2 and 3 are correct as per the article, which mentions the contractual relationship and the involvement of cybercrime police from Gujarat and West Bengal.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the investigating agencies (cybercrime police of Gujarat and West Bengal) had sought freezing only to the extent of an aggregate sum of Rs. 25,000. The court ordered the freeze to be restricted to this amount.

Explanation

The ruling's core principle is that banks, as custodians, must confine their action strictly to the scope of the directions received. They cannot enlarge the scope based on their own assumptions or for administrative convenience, ensuring proportionality and protecting customer rights.

Explanation

The article states that the Ministry of Railways has approved the project. Indian Railways operates under the Ministry of Railways, which is responsible for its infrastructure and safety projects.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article calls Kavach an 'indigenously developed ATP system'. Statement 2 is incorrect because the article mentions an 'LTE-based communication backbone', not GSM-R. Statement 3 is correct as the article states the system protects against SPAD and overspeeding.

Explanation

The article clearly states the total project cost is Rs 341 crore. This is the sum of ₹140 crore for Ahmedabad division and ₹201 crore for Ambala division. The other options are individual division costs or distractors.

Explanation

The article's core focus is on safety. It states the system 'makes rail operation safer by applying brakes in trains in critical situations' and 'automatically protects against...collision risks' and 'overspeeding'. The other options are not mentioned as primary objectives.

Explanation

As per the article, the PIL was filed by the Bombay Bar Association (BBA), the Advocates Association of Western India (AAWI), and the Bombay Incorporated Law Society. This is a specific factual detail from the news.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article clearly states the threats are linked to his verdict on the Dawoodi Bohra leadership. Statement 2 is correct as the HC asked CP Mumbai Deven Bharati to personally monitor the probe. Statement 3 is incorrect because the HC also asked the Central government to report on steps taken to protect the judge's daughter in London and the security cover extended, implying a broader mandate.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions that the state government, through Public Prosecutor Shishir Hiray, stated that 'two personal security officers (PSOs) have already been appointed on 24-hour duty'. This is a direct factual extraction.

Explanation

The core issue raised by the PIL and the court's intervention is the threat to judicial independence. Intimidation of judges for their verdicts undermines the judiciary's ability to function without fear, which is a foundational principle (basic structure) of the Indian Constitution. While other articles are related, the central concern is judicial independence.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the Strait of Hormuz is the 'narrow waterway between Iran and Oman'. It serves as the primary export route for Gulf producers.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article's opening summary. Statement 2 is correct as mentioned in the 'India’s response to disruptions' section. Statement 3 is incorrect; the ceasefire agreement was between the U.S. and Iran, not Russia and Iran.

Explanation

The article states: 'Price of Brent crude, the global benchmark for oil, fell 4 per cent, to around $84 a barrel.' $119 was the peak disruption price, and $70-72 was the price in February.

Explanation

The article mentions that on March 27, the government slashed excise duty on petrol and diesel by ₹10 per litre each to avoid a retail price increase during state elections. This is a direct fiscal measure to cushion consumers from high global prices.

Explanation

The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) is the adjudicating authority for corporate insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, as mentioned in the article regarding its role in admitting CIIRP cases.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article states the CIIRP was introduced via the 2026 amendment adding Sections 54C-54P. Statement 2 is incorrect because the article criticizes the amendment for limiting CIIRP initiation to only 'notified financial institutions', not any financial creditor. Statement 3 is correct as the article explicitly mentions this legal change from 'may' to 'shall' was a response to the Vidarbha Industries case.

Explanation

The article clearly states: "the IBC established the CIIRP procedure by adding Sections 54C to 54P." The other options are distractors referencing other parts of the IBC or unrelated sections.

Explanation

The article argues that limiting initiation to notified institutions creates an "arbitrary hierarchy" within the class of financial creditors and disenfranchises operational and smaller financial creditors, forcing them to use the more disruptive CIRP. This is the core constitutional and economic criticism presented.

Explanation

The UN Secretary-General is the chief administrative officer of the United Nations, heading the Secretariat. This role involves diplomatic peacemaking, as performed by Antonio Guterres in this news. The other options are distinct UN organs: the General Assembly has a President, the Security Council has a rotating Presidency, and the ICJ has a President.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article explicitly states the deal provides for an immediate and permanent ceasefire and reopening of the Strait of Hormuz. Statement 2 is incorrect; the deal was *finalized* on June 12, but the *signing* is scheduled for June 19. Statement 3 is correct as the Secretary-General expressed "deep appreciation" for Pakistan, Qatar, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkiye, and other regional countries.

Explanation

The article clearly states that the U.S. and Iran "finalised a deal to end their 107-day war." The other options are close distractors but are not mentioned in the provided content.

Explanation

The article mentions that the announcement eased pressure on global energy markets. The Strait of Hormuz is a critical chokepoint for oil, and its reopening ensures the stable flow of a significant portion of the world's oil supply, thereby stabilizing prices and reducing market anxiety. The other impacts are not supported by the article's content.

Explanation

The article clearly states that British Prime Minister Keir Starmer announced the ban. Australia is mentioned as a precedent, but the announcement was made by the UK PM.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as the article mentions Keir Starmer considered evidence from Australia's 2025 ban. Statement 2 is incorrect; the article states 83% of parents said risks outweighed benefits (not benefits outweighed risks). Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the UK received more than 116,000 responses.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that "90% backed a minimum age of 16 to access social media platforms." 83% is the percentage of parents who said risks outweighed benefits.

Explanation

The article quotes Keir Starmer saying he would introduce changes "to better protect the wellbeing of children when they are online." The other objectives are not mentioned as the primary rationale in the provided content.

Explanation

The article explicitly states the summit was held at the French lakeside resort of Evian-les-Bains. France is a founding member of the G7 and regularly hosts its summits.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: The article says leaders met 'shortly after the U.S. and Iran said they had reached a preliminary deal'. Statement 2 is correct: Mr. Trump said 'the Strait of Hormuz... would open on Friday'. Statement 3 is incorrect: The agenda mentions sourcing critical minerals 'outside of the dominant supplier China', not Russia.

Explanation

The article clearly states: 'A memorandum of understanding is scheduled to be officially signed on Friday (June 19, 2026) in Switzerland'. The other dates correspond to the start of the summit and the ceasefire.

Explanation

The article explicitly mentions the summit would seek common ground on 'sourcing critical minerals outside of the dominant supplier China'. This reflects a strategic effort to diversify supply chains for minerals essential for technology and green energy, reducing dependence on a single nation.

Explanation

The article explicitly states that mediator Pakistan announced the deal, with Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif posting about it on social media. While Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey are mentioned as supporters of the mediation effort, Pakistan was the primary mediator.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct as per the article. Statement 2 is incorrect; the deal authorizes the removal of the United States Naval blockade, not an Iranian blockade. Statement 3 is correct as the article mentions the war began in late February with U.S.-Israeli strikes.

Explanation

The article states that Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif posted that the official signing ceremony will be held on June 19 in Switzerland. June 14 is the announcement date, not the signing date.

Explanation

President Trump's statement explicitly authorized "the immediate removal of the United States Naval blockade" on the Strait of Hormuz. This was a direct and immediate strategic consequence to allow global oil shipments to resume freely.

Explanation

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is mandated under the RBI Act, 1934 (as amended in 2016) to maintain inflation, measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI), at 4% within a tolerance band of +/- 2%. The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the RBI decides the policy rate to achieve this target.

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: May's inflation of 3.93% is within the RBI's 2%-6% tolerance band. Statement 2 is incorrect: The article states core inflation 'remained relatively contained at around 3.8%-3.9% in May, largely unchanged from recent months', indicating no significant increase. Statement 3 is correct: The article concludes that 'a rapid decline in inflation appears unlikely' even with prospects of peace.

Explanation

The article explicitly states: 'May’s food inflation rose at a faster clip to 4.78% from 4.20% in April.' 3.93% is the headline CPI inflation, 4.20% is the previous month's food inflation, and 5.75% is the inflation for the 'restaurants and accommodation services' category.

Explanation

The article states: 'the RBI retained its neutral stance at its latest monetary policy review, signalling concern over the possibility of further price pressures.' This indicates a cautious approach aimed at pre-empting future inflation risks rather than reacting to past data. The article does not mention government pressure or a sharp fall in core inflation.